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Haak's AP Human Geography > Religion > Flashcards

Religion Flashcards

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1
Q

Buddha

A

Awakened One

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2
Q

Buddhism

A

A religion/belief system based on the teachings of the Buddha regarding the cessation of suffering.

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3
Q

Caste System

A

A social structure in which classes are determined by heredity and are fixed.

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4
Q

Christianity

A

A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior.

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5
Q

Dharma

A

In Hindu belief, a person’s religious and moral duties and purpose in life

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6
Q

Fasting

A

Nothing to eat or drink for at least 12 hours.

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7
Q

Four Noble Truths

A

The main beliefs in Buddhism regarding the nature of reality, suffering and how to stop suffering.

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8
Q

Golden Rule

A

Do to others whatever you would have them do to you.

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9
Q

Hinduism

A

A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms

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10
Q

Islam

A

A monotheistic religion that developed in Arabia in 7th century, means “submission to the will of Allah”

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11
Q

Karma

A

(Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person’s actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation and conditions in this life

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12
Q

Meditation

A

A family of mental exercises in which a conscious attempt is made to focus attention in a nonanalytical way.

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13
Q

Messiah

A

The anointed one, savior

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14
Q

Moksha

A

Becoming liberated for the cycle of reincarnation in Hinduism.

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15
Q

Monotheism

A

Belief in a single God

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16
Q

New Testament

A

Christian Scriptures based upon the life of Jesus

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17
Q

Nirvana

A

The ultimate goal of Buddhism that transcends illusion and reveals reality and the can end the cycle of reincarnation

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18
Q

Palestine

A

A territory in the Middle East on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Disputed with Israel.

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19
Q

Polytheistic

A

Belief in many gods.

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20
Q

Prophet

A

A person who expresses and explains the will of god.

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21
Q

Rabbi

A

A teacher or ordained leader in the Jewish faith.

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22
Q

Reincarnation

A

In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul/consciousness is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding

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23
Q

Roman Catholicism

A

A branch of Christianity that developed in the western Roman Empire and that recognized the Pope as its supreme head

24
Q

Synagogue

A

A Jewish house of worship

25
Q

Ten Commandments

A

A set of laws for responsible behavior, which, according to the Bible, were given to Moses by God.

26
Q

Torah

A

the law of the Jewish faith; first five books of the Hebrew Bible

27
Q

Untouchables/Harijans

A

LOWEST LEVEL OF INDIAN SOCIETY; not considered a real part of the caste system; often given degrading jobs; their life was extremely difficult

28
Q

Yahweh

A

Hebrew name for God

29
Q

Muslim

A

one who submits to the will of God a follower of Islam

30
Q

Medina

A

the city of the prophet for followers of Islam

31
Q

Allah

A

Arabic word for God

32
Q

Mecca

A

City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion.

33
Q

Hajj

A

One who has made a pilgrimage to Mecca

34
Q

Koran

A

The holy book of Islam

35
Q

Judaism

A

A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament.

36
Q

Abraham

A

Prophet for all three religions that originate in the Middle East- Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The progenitor- Father to the Children of all three religions.

37
Q

Samsara

A

in each rebirth one is born and dies, to be reborn elsewhere

38
Q

Syncretic

A

Combining aspects of different belief systems/religions

39
Q

Cosmogony

A

Religious beliefs that concern the start of the universe

40
Q

Sunni

A

Largest branch of Islam who believe that the Caliph should be elected

41
Q

Shi’a/Shiite

A

Smaller branch of Islam that believes the Caliph should be in Muhammad’s direct bloodline

42
Q

Pilgrimage

A

A religious journey to a sacred site

43
Q

Mahayana

A

Branch of Buddhism considered the “greater vehicle” and is less strict than other branches. The emphasis is on compassion and helping. China, Japan and USA

44
Q

Theravada

A

Most traditional branch of Buddhism that emphasizes the example of the Buddha and focus on monastic study. South East Asia

45
Q

Vajrayana

A

Mystical Branch of Buddhism located in the Himalayas.

46
Q

Eastern Orthodox

A

Branch of Christianity that is located in Russia, Greece and Egypt. Split from Catholicism in 1054

47
Q

Protestant

A

Branch of Christianity with over 200 different churches that focus on a personal relationship with God. Split from Catholicism in 1517.

48
Q

Cathedral

A

Catholic House of Worship emphasizing height and shaped like a cross

49
Q

Byzantine Church

A

Easter Orthodox church with ornate decorations and onion shaped top.

50
Q

Protestant Church

A

Churches that are simple and less ornate that other branches of Christianity.

51
Q

Mosque

A

Islamic house of worship

52
Q

Pagoda/stupa

A

Buddhist temple with different layers and housing a relic from the Buddha’s life

53
Q

Hierarchical religion

A

Churches with a well established geographic and administrative organization.

54
Q

Autonomous religions

A

religions that are self-sufficient and not part of a larger structure.

55
Q

Baha’i

A

Universal religion that sees itself in the progression of prophets and teachers of other traditions.

56
Q

Baptist

A

Protestant church that dominates much of the Southern USA

57
Q

Latter Day Saints (Mormon)

A

Church that is located in the interior west and interrupts the dominance of Roman Catholic in the Western USA

Haak's AP Human Geography (11 decks)

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