Cities and Urban Land Use

Question 1

geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the Central Business District (CBD) increases.

Answer 1

Bid rent theory

Question 2

Illegal practice of inducing homeowners to sell their properties by telling them that a certain people of a certain race, national origin or religion are moving into the area

Answer 2

Blockbusting

Question 3

rapidly growing city that remains essentially suburban in character even as it reaches populations of more than 100,000

Answer 3

Boomburbs

Question 4

abandoned polluted industrial sites in central cities, many of which are today being cleaned and redeveloped

Answer 4

Brownfields

Question 5

A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther.

Answer 5

Central Place Theory

Question 6

An urban settlement that has been legally incorporated into an independent, self-governing unit.

Answer 6

city

Question 7

According to world systems theory, the most advanced industrial countries, which take the lion’s share of profits in the world economic system.

Answer 7

core countries

Question 8

Segregation resulting from economic or social conditions or personal choice.

Answer 8

de facto segregation

Question 9

Area of a city inhabited permanently by slums, which often evolve from squatter settlements

Answer 9

Disamenity Zones

Question 10

A large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area.

Answer 10

edge cities

Question 11

communities that arise farther out than the suburbs and are typically populated by residents of high socioeconomic status

Answer 11

Exurbs

Question 12

A process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class owner-occupied area.

Answer 12

Gentrification

Question 13

A ring of land maintained as parks, agricultural, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area

Answer 13

Greenbelt

Question 14

land use pattern in which land is occupied by residential units that include multi-unit housing such as high-rise buildings and contain the highest people per geographic unit

Answer 14

high-density housing

Question 15

the use of vacant land and property within a built-up area for further construction or development

Answer 15

Infilling

Question 16

land use pattern meant for a small number of residential homes that include a lot of open space and contain the fewest people per geographic unit

Answer 16

low-density housing

Question 17

land use pattern in which residential units include multi-unit housing, such as townhomes as well as single-unit housing

Answer 17

Medium Density Housing

Question 18

cities with more than 10 million people

Answer 18

Megacities

Question 19

A new term used to describe cities that have 20 million or more people

Answer 19

metacities

Question 20

In the United States, a central city of at least 50,000 population, the county within which the city is located, and adjacent counties meeting one of several tests indicating a functional connection to the central city.

Answer 20

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

Question 21

land development that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional and/or industrial uses

Answer 21

mixed land use

Question 22

A movement in urban planning to promote mixed use commercial and residential development and pedestrian friendly, community orientated cities. New urbanism is a reaction to the sprawling, automobile centered cities of the mid twentieth century.

Answer 22

New Urbanism

Question 23

the least developed and least powerful nations; often exploited by the core countries as sources of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets

Answer 23

periphery countries

Question 24

The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.

Answer 24

primate city

Question 25

A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement.

Answer 25

rank-size rule

Question 26

A discriminatory real estate practice in North America in which members of minority groups are prevented from obtaining money to purchase homes or property in predominantly white neighborhoods. The practice derived its name from the red lines depicted on cadastral maps used by real estate agents and developers. Today, redlining is officially illegal.

Answer 26

Redlining

Question 27

nations ranking in between core and periphery countries, with some attributes of the core countries but with less of a central role in the global economy

Answer 27

semi-periphery countries

Question 28

The physical characteristics of a place, such as its topography, vegetation, and water resources.

Answer 28

site

Question 29

The location of a place relative to another place or the connections between places

Answer 29

situation

Question 30

Residential developments characterized by extreme poverty that usually exist on land just outside of cities that is neither owned nor rented by its occupants.

Answer 30

squatter settlements/barriadas

Question 31

Movement of upper and middle-class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution as well as deteriorating social conditions (perceived and actual). In North America, the process began in the early nineteenth century and became a mass phenomenon by the second half of the twentieth century.

Answer 31

Suburbanization

Question 32

A ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions.

Answer 32

urban hierarchy

Question 33

Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private members, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities, and turn the land over to private developers.

Answer 33

urban renewal

Question 34

The process of urban areas expanding outwards, usually in the form of suburbs, and developing over fertile agricultural land.

Answer 34

urban sprawl

Question 35

An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements.

Answer 35

Urbanization

Question 36

Dominant city in terms of its role in the global political economy. Not the world’s biggest city in terms of population or industrial output, but rather centers of strategic control of the world economy.

Answer 36

World Cities (Global Cities)