Religion Flashcards
1
Q
Religions role
A
- Integral
- Duties crucial to being a citizen
- Worship took the form of offerings, sacrifices, festivals, games and rituals
- Citizens expected to be involved to please Gods
2
Q
Roman State Cult
A
Capitoline Triad
- Jupiter (protector of State)
- Juno (women)
- Minerva (craft workers)
- Priesthoods were prestigious held by politicians as part of their career path
- Temple of Jupiter (Northern end of forum)
- No temple to Capitoline Gods found at H
3
Q
Foreign Cults and Religions
A
- P+H toleratant of worship of foreign Gods and practices of imported cults
- Pop cults: Isis, Sabazius
Evidence:
- Maiuri found ivory statuette of the Hindu godess Lakshmi
- Small evidence reveals Jews
4
Q
Tombs
A
- Tombs and inscriptions in necropolis or cemetaries provide info on death and burial
- Most tombs are Roman
- Burial inside city walls was illegal
- Various types of tombs found in same area suggest rich and poor together
- Most simple tomb: shaped like head and shoulders of the deceased (columella)
- Rich had monuments demostrating important place in public life
- Some tombs were like altars or small temples
5
Q
Household religion
A
- household shrines found all over P+H
- Household worship ensured prosperity, fertility and protection from sickness and misfortune
6
Q
The Lares
A
- guardian spririts associated of crossing or entry
- Shrine of Lares (lararium) often placed in atrium
- offerings of fruits, cakes, incense and libations were made at the shrine
- temple to public lares in forum
7
Q
The Lares
A
- guardian spririts associated of crossing or entry
- Shrine of Lares (lararium) often placed in atrium
- offerings of fruits, cakes, incense and libations were made at the shrine
- temple to public lares in forum
- Lararium at House of Vetti depicts sacrifice (snake = fertility)
8
Q
The Lares
A
- guardian spririts associated of crossing or entry
- Shrine of Lares (lararium) often placed in atrium
- offerings of fruits, cakes, incense and libations were made at the shrine
- temple to public lares in forum
- Lararium at House of Vetti depicts sacrifice (snake = fertility)
- Young dancing men in short tunics
9
Q
Genius and Penates
A
Genuis
- God of male line of descent
- worshipped on the birthday of Paterfamiliars (divine spirit)
- represented as a snake (prosperity, renewal of life of ancestors)
- Guaranteed many children for the family
- Shown as priests
Penates
- Where Gods of the food store
- Protected food supply
- Statuettes on table at meal time
10
Q
Temple to the public Lares
A
- Built after earthquake of 62AD
- Interpreted as an attempt to pretect the city at its symbolic centre by honouring the Lares of the whole community
11
Q
Cult of Isis
A
- Egyptian (rebirth and renewal through seasons)
- brought by merchants through Aegean
- Women drawn to cult (hailed as glory of women and helped them in labour)
- Established before Roman’s founded the colony
- Imperial patronage
- No temple in H but worship evident
- 20+ Laraira with images of Isis, and small stauettes found in homes
12
Q
Temple of Isis
A
- Near theatre and heavily decorated (Egyptian style)
- Rebuilt hastly after earthquake
- Included statuettes, altars and a tank of Nile water
- Built by a freedman, didicated to his son to give him a political opportunity
13
Q
Cult of Sabazius
A
- Vegetation God from Thrace and Phyrgiaa
- Worship detected at P in garden (decorated with nude priests dancing)
- Bronze ‘mantic’ hands have been found represent divination showing Sabazius (similar hands in H)
14
Q
Temple of Apollo (P)
A
- God of light (Greeck orgins introudced 6th century BC)
- Apollo the patron of Emperor Augustus
- Important and elaborate
- Located in forum
15
Q
Temple of Apollo (P)
A
- God of light (Greeck orgins introudced 6th century BC)
- Apollo the patron of Emperor Augustus
- Important and elaborate
- Located in forum
