Religion Flashcards
Wall Painting of Zeus from the House of the Dioscuri in Pompeii
Archaeological Source
Zeus (Jupiter) is crowned by Victory and flanked by the cosmic symbols of eagle and the globe. He holds a sceptor in one hand, a symbol of power and justice.
- The eagle represents something
Capitoline Triad
Jupiter, Juno and Minerva
Main three gods that every single person worships.
Altar in front of the Temple of Vespasian, in the forum of Pompeii
Archaeological Source
Bull being brought for sacrifice
- Sacrifices were made to pay homage to the chief gods of the state
- Every January, they gathered at the nothern end of the forum to celebrate the new year and watch a bull be sacrificed for the safety of the state
- People were not directly involved but uttered prayers (no emotional attachment)
Imperial Cult
+ Source!
A form of homage to the emperor to worship his genius or divine aspect.
The emperor’s name was associated with the goddess, Fortuna, who represented abundance.
- Temple of Fortuna Augusta built close to the Pompeii forum, destroyed by an earthquake and then lovingly restored by the poor (idk how)
Augustales
+ Source!
Augustus founded a religious college of freedom, excavated in Herculaneum.
- The Augusteum (Collegium Augustalium) is still buried in Herculaneum, but the layout is known (somehow…) and a statuary of the Imperial family has been recovered
Temple of Jupiter (Capitolium)
Main Temples in Pompeii
- Located in the Forum
- Dedicated to the Capitoline Triad
- Centre for state religion (lotsa priests)
Temple of Vespasian
Main Temples in Pompeii
- East side of Forum
- Centre of the Imperial Cult in Pompeii
Temple of the Public Lares
Mains Temples in Pompeii
- East side of Forum
- Town lares were worshipped and important statues displayed
Temple of Venus
Main Temples of Pompeii
- Near Marine Gate
- Marble dedicated to Venus Pompeiana (patron goddess of Pompeii) → Pompeii colony was called Colonia Veneria in her honour
- Public paid for the upkeep
