Religion Flashcards
When was Mary’s first Parliament?
October 1553
What was passed at the October 1553 Parliament?
The First Act of Repeal - repealed all religious laws made under Edward’s reign, all married clergy could be deprived of their livings
When was Mary’s third parliament?
November 1554
What was passed at the November 1554?
- The heresy laws were reversed
- Cardinal Pole returned to England as legate and Archbishop of Canterbury
When was the Second Act of Repeal?
- Repealed all Henrician anti-papal legislation
- Essentially restored the church to what it had been in 1529
What issue did Mary face in having to utlilise Parliament to pass her religious reforms?
Mary had to accept the superiority of Statute Law over Divine Law - contradictory to her Catholic stance
When did Pope Julius III die and who replaced him?
1555
Anti-Spanish Pope Paul IV
What problems arose when Paul IV became Pope?
- He was hostile towards Mary’s husband Philip II
- He deemed Pole a heretic due to his lack of efforts to restore ex-monastic lands to the Catholic church
- He sided with Spain when they broke out in war with France in 1555, into which England was later dragged
- England was essentially at war with the papacy
When did Paul IV dismiss Pole as papal legate?
1557
How did Mary respond to Paul’s dismissal of Pole in 1557?
- Paul accused Pole of heresy, but Mary refused to let Pole go to Rome to face the charges
- Mary refused to acknowledge William Peto (the new legate appointed by Paul IV)
When was the first burning of heretics?
February 1555
How many people were burnt for heresy under Mary?
289 protestants
Who propagated the ‘Bloody Mary’ Image?
John Foxe in his ‘Book of Martyrs’ published in 1563 under Elizabeth
When was Archbishop Cranmer burnt?
March 1556
What was the result of the burnings?
There was a growing sympathy for Martyrdom - counterproductive
