Reliability of memory Flashcards
Brain regions involved in the storage of long-term memories
What is the role of the Cerebral Cortex?
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- Heavily involved in explicit/declarative memory processes
- Episodic memories tend to be stored in the frontal lobe and temporal lobe
- Components of our memories (visual images, sound) are stored in areas through the cerebral cortex
Brain regions involved in the storage of long-term memories
What is the role of the Hippocampus?
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- Role is to consolidate memories (turn STM into LTM) specifically for explicit/declarative memories
- NOT involved in implicit memories
- It also has a role in emotional memory as well as spatial memory
Brain regions involved in the storage of long-term memories
What is the role of the Amygdala?
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- Involved in the formation of procedural (implicit) memories
- Involved in emotional memory and links emotions and emotional responses to declarative/explicit memories.
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It helps increase the memorability of experiences as we can remember them by the emotions we experienced at the time the memory was formed.
Brain regions involved in the storage of long-term memories
What is the role of the cerebellum?
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- Procedural memories are processed, encoded, and stored by the cerebellum.
- It also plays a role in memory of how to perform a motor skill.
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
Define recognition
Recognition involves identifying (‘recognising’) the original, learnt information.
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
Define relearning
Learning information again that has previously been learned and stored in LTM
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
Define reconstruction
The process of integrating stored information with other that is available to form a more coherent, complete, or accurate memory.
Factors influencing ability and inability to remember
Define context dependent cues
Cues in the external environment
The place/setting in which a memory was formed acts as a retrieval cue for the desired information.
Factors influencing ability and inability to remember
Define state dependant cues
Cues in the internal environment - the psychological or physiological condition in which a memory was made acts as a retrieval cue for the desired information
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
What is recall?
Recall involves reproducing information stored in memory.
You bring the information into conscious awareness and doing so provides evidence that something previously learned was retained.
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
(Recall) Define free recall.
Free recall involves reproducing as much information as possible in no particular order without the use of any specific cue.
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
(Recall) Define serial recall.
Serial recall involves reproducing information in the order in which it was learned.
I.E telling a friend about an overseas holiday and recall the names of the cities in the order in which you visited them.
Methods to retrieve information from memory or demonstrate the existence of information in memory
(Recall) Define cued recall.
Cued recall involves the use of specific prompts (‘cues’) to aid retrieval and therefore reproduction of the required information, ie first letter of a word is given.
Factors influencing ability and inability to remember
What is serial position effect?
The serial position effect is a research finding that free recall is better for items at the end and beginning of the list than for items in the middle of the list.
Factors influencing ability and inability to remember
(Serial position effect)
- Primary effect
- Recency effect
The primacy effect describes superior recall of items at the beginning of a list.
The recency effect describes superior recall of items at the end of a list.
