Relevant EMCQPC22-2

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a neural tube defect (NTD)?
a. A defect in the spinal cord
b. A defect in the meninges
c. A defect in the covering of the central nervous system
d. A defect in the cranial bones

Answer 1

c. A defect in the covering of the central nervous system

Question 2

Which type of NTD involves protrusion of both meninges and spinal cord?
a. Meningocele
b. Meningomyelocele
c. Cranial meningocele
d. Cranial encephalocele

Answer 2

b. Meningomyelocele

Question 3

Which type of NTD results in the complete failure of the cephalic neural tube to close?
a. Meningocele
b. Meningomyelocele
c. Cranial meningocele
d. Anencephaly

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What is the most common NTD?
a. Meningocele
b. Meningomyelocele
c. Cranial meningocele
d. Cranial encephalocele

Answer 4

. Meningomyelocele

Question 5

Which of the following maternal risk factors is associated with NTDs?
a. Folate deficiency
b. History of NTD in previous children
c. Folic acid-depleting medications
d. All of the above

Answer 5

D

Question 6

During embryonic development, the neural tube closes approximately on which days?
a. Days 12 and 16
b. Days 18 and 22
c. Days 24 and 28
d. Days 30 and 34

Answer 6

C

Question 7

What is the recommended prenatal dose of folic acid supplementation for NTD prevention?
a. 0.1 mg/day
b. 0.4 mg/day
c. 1 mg/day
d. 4 mg/day

Answer 7

B.

unless a pregnant women is at high risk 4 mg/day. Check NTD genetic lec.

Question 8

Which imaging modality is commonly used for the diagnosis of open NTDs?
a. Ultrasound
b. X-ray
c. Computed tomography (CT)
d. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 8

a. Ultrasound

Question 9

Which cutaneous sign is indicative of a closed NTD?
a. Palpable subcutaneous mass
b. Hairy patch overlying spine
c. Dermal sinus
d. Hyperpigmented patches or deviation of the gluteal cleft

Answer 9

b. Hairy patch overlying spine

Question 10

What is the recommended mode of delivery for NTD-affected pregnancies?
a. Vaginal delivery
b. Cesarean section
c. Induction of labor
d. Forceps delivery

Answer 10

b. Cesarean section

Question 11

Match the following NTD types with their descriptions:

A. Meningocele
B. Meningomyelocele
C. Cranial meningocele
D. Cranial encephalocele
E. Anencephaly

1. Only the meninges protrude.
2. Both meninges and spinal cord protrude.
3. Meninges protrude.
4. Both meninges and brain stem/cerebellum/cerebral cortex protrude.
5. Complete failure of the cephalic neural tube to close resulting in fully exposed fetal brain.

Answer 11

1. A. Meningocele
2. B. Meningomyelocele
3. C. Cranial meningocele
4. D. Cranial encephalocele
5. E. Anencephaly