relationships

Question 1

assortative mating

Answer 1

a non-random coupling of individuals based on their resemblance to each other

Question 2

what factors increase liking?

Answer 2

proximity: predicts liking - leads to interaction - enables people to discover commonalities

interaction/familiarity: mere exposure effect

similarity: demographics, attitudes, similar attractiveness & shared subjective experience

Question 3

2 stage model of the attraction process

Answer 3

first we avoid associating with dissimilar people
then we are drawn to people with high similarity = continuing contact

Question 4

the reciprocity principle

Answer 4

knowing that a person likes us fuels out attraction to that person
a mutual exchange of what we give and receive

Question 5

minimax principle / social exchange theory

Answer 5

we go through a cost-reward analysis before entering a relationship
weigh what we give vs what we get
we are motivated to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Question 6

mere-exposure effect

Answer 6

the more often we experience a stimulus, the more positively we react to it

Question 7

types of relationships

Answer 7

exchange: a relationship in which people exchange rewards in order to receive benefits in return. need for equity.

communal: relationship in which people reward their partner out of direct concern and to show caring

Question 8

Sternberg’s triangle theory of love

Answer 8

love has 3 basic components which combine to make 7 types of love
1. intimacy: liking and feelings of closeness
2. passion: motivation - drives that trigger attraction and sexual desire
3. commitment: cognitive - reflects decision to make a long-term commitment

Question 9

3 types of love

Answer 9

1. companionate: feelings of intimacy and attraction that are not accompanied by passion/physiological arousal
2. passionate: characterized by intense longing for the other
3. consummate love: the ultimate form of love involving passion, intimacy & commitment

Question 10

3 factor theory of love

Answer 10

3 component of what we label love
1. a cultural concept of love
2. an appropriate person to love
3. emotional arousal labeled as love

Question 11

attachment styles

Answer 11

secure: rooted in trust and marked by intimacy

preoccupied/anxious: marked by a sense of one’s own unworthiness and anxiety, possessiveness

avoidant/dismissing: marked by distrust in others

fearful: marked by fear of rejection

Question 12

equity theory

Answer 12

• ppl are most satisfied with their relationship when there is an equal relationship between contributions and benefits from each person
• what you put in should be equal to what you receive

Question 13

self-regulation

Answer 13

strategies we use to match our behavior to an ideal or standard of behavior

Question 14

Adam & Jones factors contributing to relationships

Answer 14

1. personal dedication - dedication to relationship
2. moral commitment - sense of obligation & duty
3. constraint commitment - too costly to leave