Relationship Between DNA and Proteins Flashcards
Where is DNA located in Eukaryotic Organisms?
DNA is located within structures called chromosomes found within the nucleus. Each chromosome contains one molecule of DNA.
What is a Gene?
A gene is a section of a DNA molecule that codes for the making of a specific polypeptide.
What is a Non-coding or Template Strand?
A DNA strand from one of the two DNA strands, from which the code is read.
What is a Coding or Complimentary Strand?
The opposite DNA strand from the template/non-coding strand is just there for stability and to facilitate semi-conservative replication.
What is a Triplet Codon and what is its Function?
A triplet codon is a group of three bases along the non-coding strand of a gene that codes for a specific amino acid. The amino acid sequence makes the specific polypeptide.
What is the Primary Structure of a Protein?
The primary structure refers to the order of the amino acids in the polypeptides that make up the protein.
What is the Secondary Structure of a Protein?
The secondary structure refers to the pleating and coiling of the polypeptide as hydrogen bonds form between different regions of the peptide.
What are Beta Pleated Sheets?
Beta pleated sheets are the pleats in the secondary structure that can provide strength and flexibility in some directions of a protein.
What are Alpha Helices?
Alpha helices are the coiling in the secondary structure that provides flexibility to a protein.
What is the Tertiary Structure of a Protein?
The tertiary structure is the 3-D shape of the protein. It is the aspect that determines the specific functions of a protein.
What is the Quaternary Structure of a Protein?
The quaternary structure dimply describes that the protein is made up of more than a single polypeptide chain.
What is a Proteome?
A proteome is the collection of proteins that an individual has.
What is a Genome?
The sum of all the genes an individual has.
How many Proteins can a Gene Encode for?
Each gene can encode for 10 different functional proteins.
