Cell Structure

Question 1

What is the difference between a Eukaryotic cell and a Prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles such as
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Whereas Eukaryotes are do contain membrane-bound organelles

Question 2

What type of cells are considered Eukaryotes?

Answer 2

All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes.

Question 3

What type of cells are considered Prokaryotes?

Answer 3

Bacteria and Archaea (cells w/o a nucleus)

Question 4

List the organelles that are involved in protein secretion and their function.

Answer 4

Rough ER- The location where ribosomes are located
Golgi Apparatus- Responsible for packaging and export of proteins from the cell
Vesicles- Membranous sacs that bud of the Golgi Apparatus and move the plasma membrane for exocytosis

Question 5

What is a Mitochondria?

Answer 5

The site of ATP production by aerobic and cellular respiration. (the powerhouse of the cell)

Question 6

What is a Ribosome?

Answer 6

The site of protein synthesis. Composed of rRNA and protein.

Question 7

What is a Nucleus?

Answer 7

The organelle that stores DNA- the coded instructions for the synthesis of proteins.

Question 8

What is the Chloroplast?

Answer 8

The site of photosynthesis.

Question 9

What is the Inner structure of the Chloroplast?

Answer 9

The grana made up of stacks of thylakoids, where the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis occurs and the stroma, between the grana, where the light-independent stage occurs.

Question 10

What is the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Answer 10

A large network of intracellular channels involved in proteins’ transport and modification.

Question 11

What is the Golgi Apparatus?

Answer 11

A stack of flattened membrane sacs that are involved in the modification of proteins, and their transport out of the cell by exocytosis.