Cell Structure Flashcards
What is the difference between a Eukaryotic cell and a Prokaryotic cell?
Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles such as
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Whereas Eukaryotes are do contain membrane-bound organelles
What type of cells are considered Eukaryotes?
All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes.
What type of cells are considered Prokaryotes?
Bacteria and Archaea (cells w/o a nucleus)
List the organelles that are involved in protein secretion and their function.
Rough ER- The location where ribosomes are located
Golgi Apparatus- Responsible for packaging and export of proteins from the cell
Vesicles- Membranous sacs that bud of the Golgi Apparatus and move the plasma membrane for exocytosis
What is a Mitochondria?
The site of ATP production by aerobic and cellular respiration. (the powerhouse of the cell)
What is a Ribosome?
The site of protein synthesis. Composed of rRNA and protein.
What is a Nucleus?
The organelle that stores DNA- the coded instructions for the synthesis of proteins.
What is the Chloroplast?
The site of photosynthesis.
What is the Inner structure of the Chloroplast?
The grana made up of stacks of thylakoids, where the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis occurs and the stroma, between the grana, where the light-independent stage occurs.
What is the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
A large network of intracellular channels involved in proteins’ transport and modification.
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
A stack of flattened membrane sacs that are involved in the modification of proteins, and their transport out of the cell by exocytosis.
