regulatory animal diseases & USDA accreditation

Question 1

what do you know about OIE?

Answer 1

• internationally reports animal diseases within 24 hrs
• associated with trade barriers
• vet equivalent of WHO
• maintains the world animal health information database (WAHID)

Question 2

what do you know about USDA?

Answer 2

• federal
• survey & eradicate FAD
• regulates all animal imports & exports
• has vets in every state called the area veterinarian in charge (investigate possible FAD)
• designates FADs that aren’t found in usa in the OIE reportable list
• manages control programs for enzootic diseases
• inspects imported and exported ag products and meat for food borne diseases

Question 3

how many animal diseases are listed by the USDA?

Answer 3

48

Question 4

what are the diseases that the USDA manages with their control programs?

Answer 4

1. brucellosis
2. mycobacterium bovis
3. mycobacterium avian paratuberculosis
4. pseudorabies
5. prions: scrapie, BSE, CWD
6. equine infectious anemia
7. equine viral arteritis
8. low pathogenicity avian influenza

Question 5

the state has their own list of reportable diseases, how does this differ from the USDA’s list?

Answer 5

it includes the USDA’s list & other diseases of regional veterinary or public health interest

Question 6

FADs are reported by?

Answer 6

diagnostics lab or local vets (hospitals)

Question 7

when do diagnostic labs or local vets report FADs?

Answer 7

when they suspect them

Question 8

who is immediately dispatched when an FAD is suspected?

Answer 8

a veterinarian with additional training

-called an FADD

Question 9

what does an FADD do?

Answer 9

• they will examine the animals
• if clinical signs are compatible with an FAD, they file a report and send samples to labs as a precaution
• if clinical signs are compatible with an FAD, vet will notify agencies, initiate containment, and send samples to the USDA laboratory (known as the NVSL)
• if the USDA lab tests are negative, response ends

Question 10

in the usa, what labs are the only ones that can officially diagnose an FAD?

Answer 10

the USDA labs

Question 11

if lab results are sent to the state and they come back negative, what does this mean?

Answer 11

the results count

Question 12

if lab results are sent to the state and they come back positive, what does this mean?

Answer 12

they must be confirmed by the USDA labs

Question 13

what is the difference between a USDA accredited vet and a USDA vet?

Answer 13

• USDA vet: do federal regulatory jobs
• USDA accredited vet: do exams for official health certificates, bovine TB testing, EIA testing, brucellosis testing, rabies vaccination

Question 14

why are health certificates given?

Answer 14

1. for small animals to travel interstates
2. for animals to travel to state or county fairs
3. for animals being sold/shipped between states/country.

Question 15

what are the 2 types of accreditation?

define them

Answer 15

1. category 1
   - exludes food & fiber species=horses, all birds, farm raised aquatic species, and zoo animals
   - requires 3 units of supplemental training every 3 years to maintain accreditation
2. category 2
   - include all animals (no exclusion)
   - requires 6 units of supplemental training every 3 years

Question 16

what are the steps to become accredited?

Answer 16

1. initial accreditation training
2. core orientation seminar by USDA
3. graduate with the DVM
4. complete USDA state specific orientation
5. get licensed for the state you work in
6. apply for USDA accreditation