Regulation Of Gene Expression Flashcards
What are phosphatases and what is their role in two-component regulatory systems?
They can remove the phosphate from the response regulator, inactivating it. They function as a feedback loop.
What are kinases and what is their role in two-component regulatory systems?
They are proteins capable of autophosphorylation and that can also transfer phosphate to response regulators.
What are the primary response regulator and the primary sensor kinase for regulating chemotaxis?
CheA is a sensor kinase that autophosphorylates by interaction with CheW and MCP. The response regulator is CheY in its phosphorylated form.
Why is adaption during chemotaxis important.
It allows cell to monitor small changes in the concentration of both attractants and repellents over time.
How does the response of the chemotaxis system to an attractant differ from its response to a repellent?
The repellent triggers an increase in CheY-P which interacts with the flagella motor making the cell tumble by rotating clockwise. The attractant decreases CheY-P and the cell remain running since the flagellar motor is rotating CCW.
