Regulation of body fluids

Question 1

hyponatraemia is

Answer 1

reduced sodium concentrations in the plasma due to loss of body fluids or excessive gains in water

Question 2

hypernatremia is

Answer 2

increased sodium concentration in blood plasma due to decreased intake of water

Question 3

stimuli for aldosterone secretion

Answer 3

decrease in extracellular sodium levels
increased in extracellular potassium levels
angiotensin 2

Question 4

when is atrial natriuretic peptide secreted

Answer 4

when sodium is too high

Question 5

regulation of calcium

Answer 5

regulated by parathyroid, vitamin d, calcitonin

Question 6

parathyroid function

Answer 6

stimulated by low levels of calcium
stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone matrix
intestinal absorption of calcium

Question 7

calcitonin function

Answer 7

stimulated by high levels of calcium
stimulates calcium secretion in kidneys
stimulates calcium deposition in the bone

Question 8

atrial natriuretic hormone

Answer 8

secreted by atrial cells in response to atrial stretch
inhibits sodium reabsorption by collecting ducts
inhibits renin secretion