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Microbiology Exam I > Regulation of Bacterial Gene Expression L2 > Flashcards

Regulation of Bacterial Gene Expression L2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define transcriptional unit

A

A sequence of DNA bases that is transcribed to give a single, discrete complementary RNA

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2
Q

Define operon

A

Multiple genes can be in the same transcriptional unit

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3
Q

Do you see operons in eukaryotes?

A

NO

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4
Q

What is a locus?

A

It is a place in the genome where genes of related function are located together

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5
Q

What is a promoter site?

A

Special region of DNA where RNA polymerase binds for the purpose of initiating transcription

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6
Q

What are the two key regions of promoters?

A

-35 and -10

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7
Q

Define Termination Site

A

Site within DNA or RNA product at which RNA synthesis stops

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8
Q

Name the Subunits involved with RNA polymerase

A

Beta, Beta’, Alpha and Sigma

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9
Q

What are the two inhibitors of RNA synthesis?

A
  1. Rifamycin (blocks elongation)

2. Lipiarmycins (blocks initiation)

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10
Q

What is treated using Rifamycin?

A

Tuberculosis

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11
Q

What treatment is now going to use lipiarmycins?

A

C. dificile

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12
Q

What part of the subunti to the inhibitors of RNA synthesis bind to?

A

Beta subunit

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13
Q

What is the function of the Beta subunit?

A

Catalytic activity, binds substrates and holds sigma onto RNA polymerase

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14
Q

What is the function of the Beta’ subunit?

A

Allows RNA polymerase to bind to and stay bound to DNA

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15
Q

What is the function of the alpha subunit?

A

Interacts with regulatory protein

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16
Q

What is the function of th sigma subunit?

A
  • Necessary for recognition of promoter region of a gene

- Removal of sigma=elongation of transcript

17
Q

T/F: There is one type of RNA polymerase core enzyme but many kinds of alpha subunits

A

TRUE

18
Q

What are the two ways transcription can stop?

A
  1. Factor independent termination

2. Factor dependent termination

19
Q

What is factor independent termination

A

Termination site of DNA as dyad symmetry (loop)

20
Q

What is factor dependent termination?

A
  • Rho factor: protein complex that binds directly to RNA polymerase and causes polyermase to STOP
  • Important for gene expression

Microbiology Exam I (6 decks)

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