Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology Exam I > Intro To Microbiology > Flashcards

Intro To Microbiology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

State the pathenogenesis of C. Dificile

A
  1. Antibiotic Treatment
  2. Disruption of normal colonic microflora
  3. Exposure to C. dificile spores, germination and colonization
  4. Toxin Production
  5. Damage to Colonic mucosa, inflammation and diarrhea
  6. Antibiotic Treatment
    RELAPSE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is C. Dificile

A
  1. Rod shaped, spore forming, gram positive bacterium
  2. Strict anaerobe
  3. Human pathogen –> diarrhea and pseudomenbranous colitis
  4. Synthesizes two large toxin proteins (TcdA and TcdB) –> disrupt intestinal epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do Eukaryotes have that Prokaryotes do not?

A
  1. Nuclear Membrane
  2. Membrane bound organelles
  3. Endocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

State the three types of bacterial shape

A
  1. Rod (bacilli)
  2. Sphere (cocci)
  3. Spiral (spirala)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define endotoxin

A

A toxin that is present inside a bacterial cell and is released when the cell disintegrates. It is sometimes responsible for the characteristic symptoms of a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What structure is unique to bacteria and a target for antibiotics?

A

Bacteria Cell Wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the bacteria cell wall consist of and what is its function?

A

-Consists of peptidoglycan (polysaccharide chain crosslinked by short chain AA)

  • Gives barrier function
  • Cell shape
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the polysaccharide peptidoglycan chain consist of (2)?

A

N-acetylmuramic acid

N-acetylglucosamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the antibiotic that kills newly formed cross links but not already formed cross links?

A

Penecillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is gram positive?

A

Where bacteria have a thick cell wall (peptidoglycan containing layer)
NO OUTER MEMBRANE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a gram negative?

A

Where bacteria have 2 cell membranes and thin peptidoglycan layer
-stain pink in slide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two bacterial growth requirements?

A
  1. autotrophs

2. prototrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a prototroph?

A

Where bacteria with no requirements for organic compounds other than a carbon source (sugar and nitrogen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

Bacteria that have more complex requirements, usually requiring AA and/or vitamins, purines

EX. C. dificile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Lag phase in bacterial growth?

A

Where bacteria senses that it is in a nutrient rich environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the exponential growth in bacterial growth?

A

Number of cells which increases logarithmically

DOES NOT OCCUR IN NATURE

17
Q

What is the stationary phase in bacterial growth?

A

Where cells can no longer grow

SYNTHESIS OF MANY PROTEINS

18
Q

What is the death phase in bacterial growth?

A

Constant rate of loss of variable cells

19
Q

What is fermentation?

A

Where bacteria are satisfied with energy via glycolysis

20
Q

What is respiration?

A

Where bacteria generate ATP through ETC & ATP synthase

21
Q

What are spores?

A

Extremely hard, non growing structures that gram + bacteria have

22
Q

T/F: Spores can survive very longs periods of time and endure extreme heat, dehydration and radiation

A

TRUE

23
Q

How does C. Dificile, a strict anaerobe, get transmitted from one person to another?

A

SPORE FORMATION

24
Q

Why are there outbreaks of C. Dificile infection in hospitals or long term care facilities?

A

Spores survive really well –> resistant

25
Q

Define Strict aerobes

A

Terminal e- acceptor for respiration=O2

26
Q

Define Strict Anaerobes

A

Terminal e-acceptor for respiration=organic molecules

27
Q

Define Facultative Anaerobes

A

Some respire when aerobic and ferment when anaerobic

Some respire both aerobicall and anaerobically

28
Q

A bacterial “coccus” purified from the oral cavity stains Gram-positive. How would it appear under the microscope?

A

Purple and spherical

29
Q

What specific cellular structure is responsible for the different staining observed in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria?

A

Peptidoglycan cell wall

Microbiology Exam I (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions