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Y4 Medicine > Regular Drugs > Flashcards

Regular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

atenolol

A

β blocker

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2
Q

amlodipine

A

Dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker (has more effects on arteries, decreasing systemic vascular resistance).

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3
Q

verapamil

A

non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker (more effects on ventricles)

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4
Q

furosemide

A

loop diuretic - inhibits apical Na/Cl/K transporter in thick ascending limb

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5
Q

bendroflumethiazide

A

thiazide diuretic - inhibits DCT Na/Cl transporter

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6
Q

amiloride

A

ENaC blocker in DCT and collecting ducts - K sparing diuretic

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7
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist (at ENaC) - K sparing diuretic

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8
Q

ramipril

A

ACEi

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9
Q

losartan

A

ARB

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10
Q

glyceryl trinitrate

A

NO donor –> vasodilation

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11
Q

isosorbide dinitrate

A

NO donor

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12
Q

digoxin

A

Na-K ATPase inhibitor - Na build up in cells - inhibits Na-Ca transporter - Ca influx into the heart - increased contractility

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13
Q

atorvastatin

A

HMG-coA reductase inhibitor, preventing cholesterol synthesis

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14
Q

aspirin

A

ANTIPLATELET
COX-1 inhibitor - reduced levels of platelet thromboxane A2
COX-2 inhibitor = NSAID

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15
Q

clopidogrel

A 
ANTIPLATELET
irreversibly binds to P2Y12 class of ADP receptors on platelets
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16
Q

tPA

A

= tissue plasminogen activator

cleaves plasminogen –> plasmin - carries out fibrinolysis

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17
Q

heparin

A

ANTICOAGULANT

activates anti-thrombin and factor Xa

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18
Q

warfarin

A

ANTICOAGULANT

vitamin K antagonist (factors II, VII, IX, X)

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19
Q

rivoroxaban

A

ANTICOAGULANT

direct factor Xa inhibitor

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20
Q

apixaban

A

ANTICOAGULANT

direct factor Xa inhibitor

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21
Q

class I of antidysrhythmics

A

Na channel blockers eg. lidocaine

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22
Q

class II of antidysrhythmics

A

β blockers eg. propranolol

23
Q

class III of antidysrhythmics

A

potassium channel blockers

24
Q

class IV of antidysrhythmics

A

Ca channel blockers

25
lidocaine
Na channel blocker. antidysrhythmic
26
amiodarone
Ca channel blocker. antidysrhythmic
27
adenosine
antidysrhythmic. acts at A1 and A2 adenosine receptors to reduce AVN conduction time
28
salbutamol
short acting β 2 receptor agonist - bronchodilation
29
salmeterol
long acting β 2 receptor agonist - bronchodilator
30
theophylline
methylxanthine - inhibits type III and IV PDE, preventing cAMP breakdown in smooth muscle cells - bronchodilation. Also blocks A2B receptor - prevents adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction
31
prednisolone
glucocorticoid
32
aminophylline
methylxanthine - inhibits type III and IV PDE, preventing cAMP breakdown in smooth muscle cells - bronchodilation. Also blocks A2B receptor - prevents adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction
33
hydrocortisone
glucocorticoid
34
beclometasone
glucocorticoid
35
ipratropium
short acting mAChR blocker - decreased cGMP production - decreased smooth muscle contraction
36
tiotropium
long acting mAChR blocker - decreased cGMP production - decreased smooth muscle contraction
37
magnesium sulphate
inhibits smooth muscle contraction, histamine release from mast cells and ACh release
38
montelukast
leukotriene receptor antagonist (D4 receptor) - decreased inflammation and smooth muscle relaxation
39
zafirlukast
leukotriene receptor antagonist (D4 receptor) - decreased inflammation and smooth muscle relaxation
40
magnesium carbonate
antacid
41
ranitidine
H2 receptor antagonist
42
omeprazole
PPI
43
misoprostol
prostaglandin analogue (protective effects at the gastric mucosa, decreasing acid secretion and increasing mucus secretion)
44
metoclopramide
antiemetic | inhibits D2 and 5-HT3 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brain
45
prochlorperazine
antiemetic and antipsychotic - D2 receptor antagonist
46
metformin
insulin sensitising effect
47
gliclazide
sulphonylurea - stimulates β cell insulin production via binding to sulphonylurea receptors (K+ channels), closing them - reduced potassium efflux - β cell depolarisation etc
48
SGLT2 inhibitors (glifloxins)
sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor - prevents glucose reabsorption at the kidney
49
thiazolidiediones (glitazones)
PPAR gamma agonists - causes transcriptional changes and increased storage of fatty acids in adipocytes - cells become dependent on oxidation of glucose to yield energy
50
midazolam
benzodiazepine sedative
51
diazepam
benzodiazepine sedative
52
pethidine
severe pain opiate analgesic
53
tramadol
moderate pain opiate analgesic

Y4 Medicine (6 decks)

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