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Y4 Medicine > Regular Drugs > Flashcards

Regular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

atenolol

A

β blocker

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2
Q

amlodipine

A

Dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker (has more effects on arteries, decreasing systemic vascular resistance).

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3
Q

verapamil

A

non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker (more effects on ventricles)

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4
Q

furosemide

A

loop diuretic - inhibits apical Na/Cl/K transporter in thick ascending limb

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5
Q

bendroflumethiazide

A

thiazide diuretic - inhibits DCT Na/Cl transporter

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6
Q

amiloride

A

ENaC blocker in DCT and collecting ducts - K sparing diuretic

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7
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist (at ENaC) - K sparing diuretic

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8
Q

ramipril

A

ACEi

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9
Q

losartan

A

ARB

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10
Q

glyceryl trinitrate

A

NO donor –> vasodilation

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11
Q

isosorbide dinitrate

A

NO donor

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12
Q

digoxin

A

Na-K ATPase inhibitor - Na build up in cells - inhibits Na-Ca transporter - Ca influx into the heart - increased contractility

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13
Q

atorvastatin

A

HMG-coA reductase inhibitor, preventing cholesterol synthesis

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14
Q

aspirin

A

ANTIPLATELET
COX-1 inhibitor - reduced levels of platelet thromboxane A2
COX-2 inhibitor = NSAID

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15
Q

clopidogrel

A 
ANTIPLATELET
irreversibly binds to P2Y12 class of ADP receptors on platelets
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16
Q

tPA

A

= tissue plasminogen activator

cleaves plasminogen –> plasmin - carries out fibrinolysis

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17
Q

heparin

A

ANTICOAGULANT

activates anti-thrombin and factor Xa

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18
Q

warfarin

A

ANTICOAGULANT

vitamin K antagonist (factors II, VII, IX, X)

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19
Q

rivoroxaban

A

ANTICOAGULANT

direct factor Xa inhibitor

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20
Q

apixaban

A

ANTICOAGULANT

direct factor Xa inhibitor

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21
Q

class I of antidysrhythmics

A

Na channel blockers eg. lidocaine

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22
Q

class II of antidysrhythmics

A

β blockers eg. propranolol

23
Q

class III of antidysrhythmics

A

potassium channel blockers

24
Q

class IV of antidysrhythmics

A

Ca channel blockers

25
Q

lidocaine

A

Na channel blocker. antidysrhythmic

26
Q

amiodarone

A

Ca channel blocker. antidysrhythmic

27
Q

adenosine

A

antidysrhythmic. acts at A1 and A2 adenosine receptors to reduce AVN conduction time

28
Q

salbutamol

A

short acting β 2 receptor agonist - bronchodilation

29
Q

salmeterol

A

long acting β 2 receptor agonist - bronchodilator

30
Q

theophylline

A

methylxanthine - inhibits type III and IV PDE, preventing cAMP breakdown in smooth muscle cells - bronchodilation. Also blocks A2B receptor - prevents adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction

31
Q

prednisolone

A

glucocorticoid

32
Q

aminophylline

A

methylxanthine - inhibits type III and IV PDE, preventing cAMP breakdown in smooth muscle cells - bronchodilation. Also blocks A2B receptor - prevents adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction

33
Q

hydrocortisone

A

glucocorticoid

34
Q

beclometasone

A

glucocorticoid

35
Q

ipratropium

A

short acting mAChR blocker - decreased cGMP production - decreased smooth muscle contraction

36
Q

tiotropium

A

long acting mAChR blocker - decreased cGMP production - decreased smooth muscle contraction

37
Q

magnesium sulphate

A

inhibits smooth muscle contraction, histamine release from mast cells and ACh release

38
Q

montelukast

A

leukotriene receptor antagonist (D4 receptor) - decreased inflammation and smooth muscle relaxation

39
Q

zafirlukast

A

leukotriene receptor antagonist (D4 receptor) - decreased inflammation and smooth muscle relaxation

40
Q

magnesium carbonate

A

antacid

41
Q

ranitidine

A

H2 receptor antagonist

42
Q

omeprazole

A

PPI

43
Q

misoprostol

A

prostaglandin analogue (protective effects at the gastric mucosa, decreasing acid secretion and increasing mucus secretion)

44
Q

metoclopramide

A

antiemetic

inhibits D2 and 5-HT3 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brain

45
Q

prochlorperazine

A

antiemetic and antipsychotic - D2 receptor antagonist

46
Q

metformin

A

insulin sensitising effect

47
Q

gliclazide

A

sulphonylurea - stimulates β cell insulin production via binding to sulphonylurea receptors (K+ channels), closing them - reduced potassium efflux - β cell depolarisation etc

48
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors (glifloxins)

A

sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor - prevents glucose reabsorption at the kidney

49
Q

thiazolidiediones (glitazones)

A

PPAR gamma agonists - causes transcriptional changes and increased storage of fatty acids in adipocytes - cells become dependent on oxidation of glucose to yield energy

50
Q

midazolam

A

benzodiazepine sedative

51
Q

diazepam

A

benzodiazepine sedative

52
Q

pethidine

A

severe pain opiate analgesic

53
Q

tramadol

A

moderate pain opiate analgesic

Y4 Medicine (6 decks)

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