reglaic buddha Flashcards
1
Q
use of ionizing radiation to produce a recorded image.
A
radiography
2
Q
what are the different areas in radiology department
A
RECEPTION OR INFORMATION AREA
DRESSING ROOM
EXPOSURE ROOM
DARK ROOM
READING ROOM
SORTING ROOM
3
Q
a place where the patient fills his/her medical forms, schedule for examination, releasing of results and answering patient inquiries.
A
RECEPTION OR INFORMATION AREA
4
Q
an area where the patient change their dress to a
patient gown before the examination.
A
DRESSING ROOM
5
Q
an area where the x-ray examination is being
conducted
A
EXPOSURE ROOM
6
Q
a room where processing cycle of the exposed x-ray film takes place.
A
DARK ROOM
7
Q
an area where diagnostic report or findings were interpreted or rule-out based on the patient request through our Radiologists
A
READING ROOM
8
Q
Radiograph was viewed by the aid of
A
NEGATOSCOPE or VIEW BOX.
9
Q
an area where the radiograph and results are being sorted and kept.
A
SORTING ROOM
10
Q
where the radiography starts and ends
is a room devoid of white light in which the processing takes place
A
DARK ROOM
11
Q
hypersensitivity to fumes
A
DARKROOM DISEASE
12
Q
OSHA stands for
A
Occupational Safety and Health Agency
13
Q
also known as INVISIBLE image.
A
LATENT IMAGE
14
Q
also known as VISIBLE image.
A
MANIFEST IMAGE
15
Q
increase in sensitivity after exposure to white light or ionizing radiation
A
LATENSIFICATION
16
Q
What are the factors to consider in darkroom
A
LOCATION
SIZE
PROTECTS FROM RADIATION
VENTILATION
CLEANLINESS
LIGHT TIGHT ENTRANCE
COLOR OF WALLS
ELECTRICL WIRINGS
SAFELIGHT
17
Q
What is the size of darkroom?
A
15x9.5ft or greater
18
Q
how can we protect dr from radiation
A
6inches thick concrete
hallow blocks filled with cement
wood coated with 1.5mm of Pb
19
Q
how many air changes should be in a dark room?
A
8-10 room changes per hour
20
Q
air movement
A
15-25 ft/min
21
Q
what is the storage temperature of a DR?
A
10-21 degree Celsius or 50-70F
22
Q
what is the old DR temperature?
A
20 degree celsius or 67-83F
23
Q
what is the new temperature for DR?
A
18-24 degree Celsius or 65-85F
24
Q
what is the humidity for storage room?
A
40-60% but not less than 45%
25
what is the humidity for DR?
30-60%
26
it is a root like artifact
static artifact
27
What are the tools to measure the humidity
hygrometer and psychromter
28
what are the types of light tight entrances
single door
double door
labyrinth or maze
revolving
29
prevents opening of the passbox when one
side is open
interlocking system
30
when the lock is engaged, it will prevent the door from opening when the storage bin is open
locking mechanism
31
why white light is necessary in DR?
maintenance
emergency use
cleaning
32
the illumination should be at _____ distance to the work bench
3-4ft
33
the illumination should be at _____ distance to the Automatic processor and feed tray
4ft
34
give the required distance and power of tungsten bulb
7.5watts at 3ft
15watts at 4ft
35
filters out Red, Orange and Yellow colors
and appears brownish
amber filter
36
filters only the intensity
Kodak wratten 6b filter
37
A multi-purpose filter
kodak GBX-2 filter
38
what is the required color for the walls of DR
light/pastel
enemel/epoxy
matte finish
39
what are the components of dry section
loading bench
film bin
storage compartment
storage cabinet
passbox
ventilation
40
it contains an area for loading and unloading film
holders.
loading bench
41
what is the maximum lenght of loading bench
can fit 2 14X17 cassete
42
what is the proper height for loading bench
3ft
43
what is the proper depth of the loading bench
24inches
44
It is customary to deep supply of opened x-ray film boxes sufficient for immediate needs, located underneath the loading bench
film bin
45
The ideal way to store cassette and film holders are in vertical compartment, so that they are readily accessible but not encroach on the working surface of the loading bench.
storage compartment
46
A cabinet which you can store, different accessories used in processing such a Package chemicals, Mixing Accessories, and Towels and etc.
storage cabinet
47
also called “Cassette Transfer Cabinet”
passbox
48
Those that exit the patient and interact with the image receptor
IMAGE FORMING X-RAYS
49
The x-rays that remain as the useful beam exits the patient
EXIT BEAM
50
what are the parts of a radiographic film
topcoat
emulsion
adhesive layer
base
51
what is the other name for top coat
over coat
super coat
super coating
protective coating
52
what is the composition of top coat
gelatin
53
what is the thickness of a radiographic film
150-300 micro meter
54
what is the biggest size of xray cassete
14X17 inches or 35-43 cm
55
what is the smallest size of xray cassete
8X10 inches or 20-25 cm
56
what is the composition of Emulsion
gelatin
silver halide crystal
57
what is the composition of SHC
silver bromide-98%
silver iodide-2%
58
this is the mechanical binder that holds the silver halide crystal
gelatin
59
what is the characteristics of gelatin
clear and sufficiently porous
60
the gelatin ____ during processing so that chemicals can penetrate the silver halide crystals
swells
61
the gelatin ______ after the invisible image becomes visible
rehardens
62
what is the size of emulsion
3-5 micro meter
63
what is the size of silver halide crytal
1-1.5 micro meter
64
imperfections in the crystal structure
sensitivity specks
65
what is the other term for adhesive layer
substratum layer
66
what is the composition of base
polyester
67
what is the composition of polyester
ethylene glycol
dimethyl terephthalate
68
what are the characteristic of a good base
lucency
dimensional stability
superior physical stability
blue tint
69
what are the characteristics of a good film
film speed
film latitude
film contrast
70
ability of the film to respond
film speed
71
ability of the film to record differences in densities across the film
film contrast
72
film's ability to record acceptable range of densities
film latitude
73
what are the general types of film
screen type film
direct exposure film
single emulsion film
74
the most widely used radiographic film, general choice for diagnostic radiology
screen type film
75
what are the ways to reduce parallax effect
tinting the film with blue dye
using monochromatic film
adding anti crossover layer
using thinner base
76
designed for use w/o the need of an intensifying screen
direct exposure film
77
what are the spectral sensitivity of a film
monochromatic film
orthochromatic film
panchromatic film
78
what are the grain technologies
globular
tabular
79
give atleast 8types of types of film according to use purpose
mammographic film
therapy localizing film
detal xray film
video film
photoflourographic
cine or roll film
duplicating film
subtraction film
dosimeter or personnel monitoring film
automatic serial changer
industrial film
polaroid radiographic film
laser film
spot film
80
fresh film storage temperature
20 decree Celsius or 70F
81
fresh films storage humidity
40-60%
82
storage temperature (5-7yrs)
60-80F
83
storage temperature film (30-45days)
21 degree Celsius or 70F
84
storage temperature of greater than 1year
10 degree Celsius or 50F
85
how should we place film when storing
vertical, at edge, and straight or upright
86
films are packed in
photo inert polyethelene bag
87
contamination of developer solution with 0.1% of fixer
chemical fog
88
restrainer prevents chemical fog by regulating development
development fog
89
most common form of film fogging
safelight fogging
90
the_________ is the rigid, light-tight container that holds the screens and film in close contact
cassette
91
with low Z and radiolucent front
metal frame
92
what is the composition of metal frame
magnesium
bakelite
carbon fiber
93
compression layer, maintains proper film-screen contact
contact felt
94
light-tight seal is completed by a snap or latch
hinges
95
absorbs backscatter
lead foil
96
what is the composition of lead foil
lead
manganese
97
when is the beginning of usage in intensifying screen
1900
98
converts xray energy to light
transducer
99
the intensifying screen is made out of ____ with an active layer containing phosphors
polyester base
100
poor contact of screens and in film may cause to
localized loss of record detail
localizing blurring on the image
101
poor film-screen contact may be verified by
radiographing a
wire mesh test
102
the intensifying screen allows ___ less radiation exposure
15-20 times
103
what are the layers of an Intensifying screen
base
reflective layer
phosphor layer
protective coating
104
what is the size of the base of the intensifying screen
1mm or 1000 micro meter
105
what is the characteristics of the base of the intensifying screen
*resilient & moisture resistant
*does not suffer radiation damage or discoloration
*chemically inert & not interact with the phosphor layer
*flexible but not elastic
*must not contain impurities
106
what is the thickness of the reflective layer of IS
25 micro meter
107
also called crossover control layer, is designed for rare-earth screens and green-sensitive films
anti crossover layer
108
what is the thickness of the phosphor layer
150-300 micro meter or 60mg/ cm^2
109
what is the ability to give light
luminescence
110
ability of phosphor to give off light only while exposed to x-ray
fluorescence
111
light emission during x-ray exposure
or while/promptly emitted or within
10^-8 seconds
112
continue to emit light even after x-ray exposure has ceased or stopped
phosphorescence
113
after glow occur in what time
10^-8s
114
the ability of the phosphor to interact with x-ray
detective quantum efficiency
115
the ability of the phosphor to convert x-ray into light
conversion efficiency
116
specific color that the phosphors emit must match with the spectral sensitivity of the film
spectral matching
117
what is the thickness of the protective coating
10-20 micro meter
118
what are the phosphor materials
calcium tungstate
barium lead sulfate or barium flurochloride
zinc sulfide
rare earth
119
this has a 5% xray to light conversion, used with blue sensitive films
calcium tungstate
120
used to produce high speed screens, for high KVp techniques
barium lead sulfate or barium flurochloride
121
used in fluoroscopic screens, responds well with low intensity radiation
zinc sulfide
122
speed – 1000 to 1200, more efficient in converting x-rays to light. Needs less x-ray energy to provide the same energy conversion as calcium tungstate.
18 to 25% x-ray to light conversion, only efficient in 40 to 75 kV range
rare earth
123
what are the rare earth phosphors
lanthanum oxybromide
gadolinium oxysulfide
yttrium tantalite
124
what is the color sensitivity of lanthanum oxybromide
blue
125
what is the color sensitivity of gadolinium oxysulfide
green
126
what is the color sensitivity of ytrium tantalite
ultraviolet
violet
blue
green
127
refers color of light to which particular film is most sensitive
spectral sensitivity
128
color of light produced by a particular intensifying screen
spectral emission
129
matching the sensitivity of the film
to the color of emission of intensifying screen
spectral matching
