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Rad anna Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones are there in axial skeleton

A

80

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2
Q

how many bones are there in appendicular skeleton

A

126

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3
Q

what are the functions of bones

A

attachment for muscles
movement
protection of internal organs
frame/support body
storage of calcium phosphors and salts
red and white blood cells production

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4
Q

is the term applied to the science
of the structure of the body

A

anatomy

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5
Q

is the study of the function of the body organs.

A

physiology

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6
Q

is the detailed study of
the body of knowledge relating to the bones of the body.

A

osteology

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7
Q

divides the entire body or
a body part into right and left segments

A

sagittal plane

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8
Q

is a specific sagittal plane that passes through the midline of the body and divides it into equal
right and left halves

A

mid sagittal plane

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9
Q

divides the entire body or
a body part into anterior and posterior segments.

A

coronal plane

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10
Q

is a specific coronal plane that passes through the midline of the body,

A

midcoronal plane

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11
Q

passes crosswise through the body or a body part at right angles to the longitudinal axis

A

horizontal plane

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12
Q

can pass through a body
part at any angle between the three planes

A

oblique plane

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13
Q

what are the body planes

A

sagittal
coronal
horizontal
oblique

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14
Q

what are the two special planes in radiology?

A

interiliac plane
occlusal plane

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15
Q

transects the pelvis at
the top of the iliac crests at the level of the fourth lumbar spinous process It is used in positioning the lumbar
spine, sacrum, and coccyx.

A

interiliac plane

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16
Q

is formed by the biting
surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with
the jaws closed. It is used in
positioning of the odontoid process and some head projections.

A

occlusal plane

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17
Q

The abdomen is often divided into four clinical divisions called

A

quadrants

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18
Q

how many regions are there in the abdomen

A

nine

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19
Q

what are the nine regions of the abdomen

A

right and left hypochondriac
epigastric region
right and left lumbar
umbilical region
right and left iliac
hypogastric region

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20
Q

how many quadrants are there in the abdomen

A

4

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21
Q

how many bones are there in adult human?

A

206

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22
Q

support and protect the head and trunk with 80 bone

A

axial skeleton

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23
Q

al lows the body to move in various positions and from place to place with its 1 26
bones

A

appendicular skeleton

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24
Q

The hard outer _______ protects the bone and gives
it strength for supporting the body

A

compact bone

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25
and an inner portion of les dense
spongy bone
26
The softer spongy bone contains a peculated network of interconnecting spaces and also contains red and yellow marrow called the
trabeculae
27
what does the red marrow do?
produces red and white blood cell
28
what does the yellow marrow do?
stores adipose
29
is the term given to the development and formation of bones
ossification
30
what are the 2 types of ossification
intermembranous ossification endochondral ossification
31
Bones that develop from fibrous membrane in the embryo produce the flat bones such as those of the skull, clavicles, mandible, and sternum
intermembranous ossification
32
develop from hyaline cartilage in the embryo and produce the short, irregular, and long bones
endochondral ossification
33
begins before birth and forms the entire bulk of the short and irregular bones.
primary ossification
34
occurs after birth when a separate bone begins to develop at both ends of every long bone
secondary ossification
35
what are the classification of bones
long short flat irregular sesamoid
36
are found only in the limb . They consist primarily of a long cylindric shaft called the body and two enlarged, rounded ends that contain a smooth, slippery articular surface
long bone
37
consist mainly of cancellous bone containing red marrow and have a thin outer layer of compact bone
short bone
38
consist largely of two table of compact bone.
flat bone
39
are so termed because their peculiar shape and variety of forms do not place them in any other category
irregular bone
40
are very small and oval. They develop inside and beside tendon . Their function is to protect the tendon from excessive wear.
sesamoid bone
41
how many bones are there that we can find in the hand
27
42
the hand is subdivided to 3 groups namely
carpal metacarpal phalanges
43
are described by numbers and names
digits
44
bones of the digits (fingers and thumb)
pahalanges
45
bones of the palm
metacarpal
46
bones of the wrist
carpals
47
how many phalanges are there in overall digits
14
48
what type of bones are the phalanges
long bone
49
what type of bones are the metacarpals
long bone
50
the head of metacarpals is known as
knuckles
51
how many carpal bones are there in the carpal region?
8
52
has eight carpal bones, which are fitted closely together and arranged in two horizontal rows
wrist
53
what type of bone are carpal is
short bones
54
what are the distal row of the carpal
trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate
55
what are the proximal row of the carpal
schapoid lunate triquetrum pisiform
56
schaphoid is also known as
navicular
57
lunate is also known as
semilunar
58
triquetrum is also known as
triquetral, triangular, or cuneiform
59
trapezoid is also known as
lesser multangular
60
trapezium is also known as
greater multangular
61
capitate is also known as
unciform or os magnum
62
what are the bones of upper limb?
scapula clavicle humerus radius ulna hand
63
the first digit (thumb) of the hand is connected to what bone of carpal?
trapezium
64
the second digit (index finger) of the hand is connected to what bone of carpal
trapezoid
65
the third digit (middle finger) of the hands is connected to what bone of carpal
capitate
66
the fourth and fifth digit of the hand is connected to what cone of the carpal
hamate and capitate
67
contains two bones that lie parallel to each other-the radius and ulna.
forearm
68
The ______ of the ulna is long and slender and tapers inferiorly
body
69
in the proximal ulna there is a beaklike process called
olecranon process
70
The proximal process, or olecranon process, concaves anteriorly and slightly inferiorly and forms the proximal portion of the
trochlear notch
71
The more distal _________ projects anteriorly from the anterior surface of the body and curves slightly superiorly (forearm)
coronoid process
72
A depression called the _____ is located on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process
radial notch
73
The distal end of the ulna includes a rounded process on its lateral side called the
head
74
The distal end of the ulna includes a rounded process on its lateral side called the head and a narrower conic projection on the posteromedial side called
ulnar styloid process
75
The proximal end of the radius is small and presents a flat disklike
head
76
Just inferior to the neck on the medial side of the body of the radius is a roughened process called the
radial tuberosity
77
The distal end of the radius is broad and flattened and has a conic projection on its lateral surface called the
radial styloid process
78
The arm has one bone called the
humerus
79
The distal end of the humerus is called the
humeral condyle
80
the humeral condyle includes two smooth elevation for articulation with the bones of the forearm-the
capitulum trochlea
81
superior to the humeral condyles are the medial and lateral
epicondyles
82
On the anterior surface superior to the trochlea, a shallow depression called the
coronoid fossa
83
the coronoid fossa recieves the
coronoid process when flexed
84
on the anterior surface superior to the capitulum, there is a small depression called the
radial fossa
85
the radial fossa recieves the ____ when the arm is ____
radial head when flexed
86
is a deep depression found immediately behind the coronoid fossa on the posterior surface and accommodates the olecranon process when the elbow is extended.
olecranon fossa
87
The proximal end of the humerus contains the ____, which is large, smooth, and rounded and lies in an oblique plane on the superomedial side
head
88
Just below the head, lying in the same oblique plane, is the narrow, constricted
anatomic neck
89
below the anatomic neck is known as the
surgical neck
90
this bone is situated on the anterior surface of the bone immediately below the anatomic neck.
lesser tubercle
91
is located on the lateral surface of the bone just below the anatomic neck
greater tubercle
92
the depressiion in between the lesser and greater tubercle is calles
intertubercular groove
93
this is the articulation between palanges
interphalangeal joint
94
The interphalangeal joints are named by location and are differentiated as either
proximal or distal interphalangeal joint
95
The metacarpals articulate with the phalanges at their distal ends and it is called what articulation?
metacarpophalangeal joint
96
The metacarpals articulate with the phalanges at their distal ends and it is called what articulation?
metacarpophalangeal joint
97
what is name of articulation to the base of the metacarpals and the distal end of the carpal
intercarpal joint
98
articulations the first metacarpal and trapezium form
carpometacarpal phalangeal joint
99
it is the articulation between the radius and ulna
distal and proximal radioulnar joint
100
This joint is formed by the articulation of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum, with the radius and the articular disk just distal to the ulna
radiocarpal joint
101
is formed by two bones, the clavicle and scapula.
shoulder girdle
102
classified as a long bone, has a body and two articular extremities. lies in a horizontal oblique plane just above the first rib and forms the anterior part of the shoulder girdle
clavicle
103
classified as a flat bone, forms the posterior part of the shoulder girdle. Triangular in shape, the scapula has two surface , three borders, and three angles.
scapula
104
Lying on the superoposterior thorax between the second and seventh ribs, the scapula's
medial border
105
The costal (anterior) surface of the scapula is slightly concave and contains the
subscapular fossa
106
what are the 3 angles of the scapula
superior, lateral, inferior angle

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