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spinal anatomy palmer exam 2 > regions of the vertebral column part 3 ex 2 QQ > Flashcards

regions of the vertebral column part 3 ex 2 QQ Flashcards

1
Q

what is the location for palpation of spinous process of C2?

A

midline, about 2 inches below the EOP

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2
Q

what muscles attach to the spinous process of C2?

A 
Rectus capitis posterior major
Obliquus capitis inferior 
Spinalis cervicis 
Semispinalis cervicis 
Multifidus 
Rotators 
Interspinalis muscles
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3
Q

what ligaments attach to spinous process of C2?

A

ligamentum nuchae

interspinous ligaments

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4
Q

what names be given to C7?

A

vertebra prominens and vertebral prominence

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5
Q

what name is only given to C7?

A

vertebra prominens

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6
Q

In what % of men and women does C7 become a vertebral prominence?

A

men: 86%
women: 79%

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7
Q

what is the segment and gender bias for vertebrae other than C7 becoming the vertebral prominence?

A

C6 more common in females

T1 more common in males

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8
Q

what joint surfaces are present at the inferior margin of the vertebral body of C7?

A

anterior and posterior margins of the inferior epiphyseal rim, cancellous bone

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9
Q

how many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C7?

A

8

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10
Q

what joint classifications are observed at the vertebral body of C7?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) joint

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11
Q

how many synovial joint surfaces are observed at the vertebral body of C7?

A

2

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12
Q

what muscle attaches to the vertebral body of C7?

A

longus colli muscle

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13
Q

what muscles attach to the TRANSVERSE PROCESS of C7?

A 
Middle scalene
Iliocostalis thoracis 
Longissimus cervicis
Semispinalis capitis 
Rotators 
Intertransversarii 
Levator costarum brevis
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14
Q

what is the orientation of the superior articular facet of C7?

A

backward upward medial

BUM

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15
Q

what is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C7?

A

forward medial downward

ForMeD

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16
Q

what muscles will attach to the ARTICULAR process of C7?

A

Longissimus cervicis
Longissimus capitis
Semispinalis cervicis
Multifidus

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17
Q

what muscles attach to the SPINOUS process of C7?

A 
Trapezius 
Rhomboid minor 
Serratus posterior superior 
Splenius capitis 
Spinalis capitis 
Spinalis cervicis 
Semispinalis thoracis 
Multifidus 
Rotators 
Interspinalis
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18
Q

what is the gender bias regarding size of vertebral artery?

A

men have larger vertebral arteries than women

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19
Q

at what location will the vertebral artery form its 1st compensatory loop?

A

antlanto-axial interspace

20
Q

at what location will the vertebral artery form its 2nd compensatory loop?

A

atlanto-occipital interspace

21
Q

what is the purpose of the vertebral artery loops between C2, C1 and occiput?

A

increased length will accommodate the greater rotation at these locations

22
Q

what artery is formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries?

A

basilar artery

23
Q

what are the superior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebra?

A

C1 is backward upward medial BUM
C2 is BUL
C3-C7 is BUM

24
Q

what are the inferior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebrae?

A

C1 is BMD
C2-C6 is FoLD
C7 is ForMeD

25
Q

how many synovial joints are identified for each cervical vertebra?

A

C1- 5
C2- 8
C3-C6- 8
C7- 6

26
Q

how many joints are identified at the vertebral body of each cervical vertebra?

A

C1- none
C2- 10
C3-6- 10
C7- 8

27
Q

which thoracic segments are considered the typical thoracics?

A

T2-T8 segments

28
Q

which thoracic segments are considered atypical thoracics?

A

T1, T9-12

29
Q

what features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

A

vertebral body
transverse process
articular process
spinous process

30
Q

what is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

A

aortic impression

31
Q

what is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

posterior height is greater than anterior height by 1-2 mm

32
Q

what is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

A

vertebral body height differences

33
Q

in terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face?

A

posterior

34
Q

what is another way of naming posterior pattern

A

kyphotic curve

35
Q

what joints are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

vertebral body to the ALL at the epiphyseal rims
vertebral body to the PLL at the epiphyseal rims
vertebral body to vertebral body via the intervertebral discs
vertebral body to capitulum of a rib (costocentral joint)

36
Q

what joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

fibrous syndesmosis
cartilaginous symphysis
synovial plane

37
Q

how many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

4

38
Q

how many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

2

39
Q

how many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

typically 10 (14 if the costocentral radiate ligaments are included)

40
Q

which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

A

superior costal demi-facet

41
Q

what feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?

A

costocentral joint or ribs

42
Q

what is the rib- vertebral body combo at the intervertebral foramen for the ____ nerve? T6 is the example

A

inferior costal demi-facet of T6 will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the 7th rib

superior costal demi-facet of T7 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the 7th rib

43
Q

what ligaments support the costocentral joint?

A

costocentral stellate/radiate ligament

costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

44
Q

what does the costocentral intra-articular ligament connect to?

A

interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc

45
Q

what is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface?

A

rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

spinal anatomy palmer exam 2 (12 decks)

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