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spinal anatomy palmer exam 2 > lumbar region ex 2 QQ > Flashcards

lumbar region ex 2 QQ Flashcards

1
Q

what parts of the vertebra may be used to distinguish L1-L4 from L5?

A 
vertebral body
pedicle
articular process 
transverse process
spinous process
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2
Q

what is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

reniform or kidney shaped

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3
Q

what accounts for the direction of the lumbar curve?

A

vertebral body and intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height

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4
Q

what is the effect of aging on the vertebral body of a lumbar vertebra?

A

decrease in height, increase in circumference

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5
Q

what muscles may attach to a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major and minor

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6
Q

psoas minor will only attach to the vertebral body of which segments?

A

T12, L1

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7
Q

what is the name given to the ligaments that attach the vertebral body to the articular process?

A

transforaminal ligaments

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8
Q

what ligaments attach the vertebral body to the transverse process?

A

corporotransverse ligaments

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9
Q

what names identify ligaments that attach the dura mater to the vertebral body or pedicle?

A

anterior, posterior and lateral Hofmann ligaments

proximal sleeve ligaments

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10
Q

Hofmann ligaments are identified in which regions along the vertebral column?

A

cervical- upper thoracic region and lumbar region

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11
Q

cervical- upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to segments above

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12
Q

what is the highest level known to demonstrate Hofmann ligaments?

A

C6

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13
Q

what is the proposed function of the cervical- upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments?

A

resist caudal movement of the dural sac

resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord

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14
Q

Lumbar Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to lower segmental levels

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15
Q

what is the proposed function of the lumbar Hofmann ligaments?

A

resist cranial movement of the dural sac during flexion

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16
Q

what is the proposed function of the proximal root sleeve ligaments?

A

resist displacement of the peripheral nerve system in the intervertebral foramen

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17
Q

what osseous conditions of lumbar vertebrae facilitate a spinal tap in this region?

A

overlap of the laminae, shingling diminishes

overlap of spinous processes, imbrication diminishes

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18
Q

what is the outline of the vertebral foramen of a typical lumbar vertebra?

A

triangular

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19
Q

how does the size of the vertebral foramen differ along the spine?

A

cervicals have the greatest size, lumbars next, thoracics smallest

20
Q

what part of the central nerve system is present in the lumbar spine?

A

conus medullaris is typically present in the vertebral foramen of L1

21
Q

what is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar transverse process?

A

accessory process

22
Q

a styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?

A

7% occurrence as a result of congenital elongation of the lumbar accessory process

23
Q

what parts of a vertebra are attached via the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

mammillary process and accessory process of the same segment

24
Q

what was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve

25
Q

what muscles attach to the lumbar accessory process?

A

longissimus thoracis

intertransversarii

26
Q

what muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar?

A 
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum 
Longissimus thoracis
Rotator brevis
Rotator longus
Intertransversarii
27
Q

what are the posterior elements of the vertebra?

A

zygapophysis
lamina
spinous process

28
Q

what are the anterior elements of the vertebra?

A

vertebral body

pedicle

29
Q

what is the orientation of the typical lumbar superior articular facet?

A

BUM

backward upward medial, typically concave

30
Q

what is the orientation of the typical lumbar inferior articular facet?

A

FoLD

forward lateral downward, significant convexity

31
Q

what is the name given to the projection on the lumbar superior articular process?

A

mammillary process

32
Q

what muscles will attach to lumbar superior articular processes?

A

Multifidus

Intertransversarii

33
Q

what muscles will attach to the mammillary process?

A

Multifidus

Intertransversarii

34
Q

What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?

A

mammillo-accessory ligament

35
Q

what is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?

A

zygapophysis lies in the sagittal plane for L1/L2 L2/L3 L3/L4;
zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L4/L5 and L5/S1

36
Q

what is the name given to the zygapophyses between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?

A

joint symmetry

37
Q

define joint tropism

A

condition in which 1 zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane and the other lies in the sagittal plane

38
Q

what is the name of the condition in which the typical lumbar spinous process increases in length due to aging process?

A

Baastrup’s syndrome or “kissing spines”

39
Q

what muscles will attach to a typical lumbar spinous process?

A 
Lat dorsi
Serratus posterior inferior 
Iliocostalis lumborum 
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
Multifidus 
Rotator longus 
Rotator brevis 
Interspinalis
40
Q

how many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the 5th lumbar vertebra?

A

6

41
Q

what joint classifications will be observed at the vertebral body of the 5th lumbar?

A

cartilaginous symphysis

fibrous syndesmosis

42
Q

what muscle attaches to the 5th lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major

43
Q

what characteristic of the L1-L4 pedicle may be used to differentiate it from the L5 segment? Be specific

A

On cranial view, lateral surface of pedicle is apparent on a L1-L4 segment. At L5 the transverse process originates from the vertebral body, pedicle and lamina-pedicle junction

44
Q

what muscles may attach to the transverse process of the 5th lumbar vertebra?

A 
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum 
Longissimus thoracis 
Rotator brevis 
Rotator longus 
Intertransversarii
45
Q

what ligaments traditionally attach to the transverse process of the 5th lumbar vertebra?

A

lumbosacral
iliolumbar
mammillo-accessory ligaments

spinal anatomy palmer exam 2 (12 decks)

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