Regions of the Vertebral Column

Question 1

Which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebrae?

Answer 1

Ant bear, three-toed sloth

Question 2

Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?

Answer 2

Two-toed sloth, manatee

Question 3

What is the number of vertebrae in the typical cervical spine?

Answer 3

Seven segments

Question 4

Which vertebrae are typical cervicals?

Answer 4

C3-C6

Question 5

Which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?

Answer 5

C1, C2, C7

Question 6

What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?

Answer 6

Rectangular

Question 7

What is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?

Answer 7

Posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters

Question 8

What would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?

Answer 8

Posterior or kyphotic

Question 9

What accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 9

The intervertebral disc height

Question 10

What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 10

Anterior or lordotic

Question 11

At which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?

Answer 11

C5/C6

Question 12

What is the effect of aging on the cervical vertebral body?

Answer 12

It diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body

Question 13

What are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 13

Anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes

Question 14

What are the names of the lateral modification of the superior epiphyseal rim?

Answer 14

Uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral, uncus or lateral lip

Question 15

At what developmental age will the uncinate process first be observed?

Answer 15

3rd - 4th fetal month

Question 16

What are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 16

Anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves

Question 17

What are the names given to the lateral modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim?

Answer 17

Lateral groove or enchancrure

Question 18

What is the joint classification for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation?

Answer 18

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 19

What is the joint classification for the posterior lip- posterior groove articulation?

Answer 19

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 20

What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 20

Modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)

Question 21

What is the joint classification for the spongy bone- intervertebral disc articulation?

Answer 21

Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

Question 22

How many joint surfaces are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

Answer 22

Five

Question 23

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

Answer 23

Ten

Question 24

What is the name given to the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 24

Joint of Luschka or uncovertebral joint

Question 25

What does the recent literature suggest as to the nature of the joint of Luschka?

Answer 25

The joint is representative of intervertebral disc aging, which results in loss of lamellar integrity near the joint

Question 26

What is the functional significance of the joint of Luschka?

Answer 26

It appears to stabilize the intervertebral disc while accommodating flexion- extension and requiring couple motion (axial rotation with lateral bending) in the cervical spine

Question 27

What muscle attaches to the typical cervical vertebral body?

Answer 27

The longus colli muscle

Question 28

What is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical?

Answer 28

Posterolateral, 45 degrees

Question 29

At what location on the vertebral body of a typical cervical will the pedicle attach?

Answer 29

To the side and in the center of the vertebral body

Question 30

The greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at________.

Answer 30

C6

Question 31

The greatest frequency of osteophytes associated with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple?

Answer 31

C5/C6

Question 32

List, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body.

Answer 32

Costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process

Question 33

What muscles will attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 33

Splenius cervicis, iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posterior scalene, rotators and posterior intertransversarii

Question 34

What muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar?

Answer 34

Middle scalene and posterior intertransversarii

Question 35

What is the name given to the superior margin of the costotransverse bar?

Answer 35

Sulcus for the ventral primary ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

Question 36

What is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?

Answer 36

60 degrees anterolaterally (from midsagittal plane), 15 degrees inferiorly ( from the horizontal plane)

Question 37

What is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?

Answer 37

The carotid tubercle

Question 38

What will cause remodeling of the anterior tubercle at C6?

Answer 38

The common carotid artery

Question 39

What will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen?

Answer 39

The vertebral artery, vertebral plexus and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

Question 40

What muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 40

Anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior intertransversarii