Regents Review Flashcards
Federalists vs Antifederalists
Federalists: stronger national government, supported constitution, favored central banking.
Antifederalists: opposed strong federal government, opposed constitution, states should manage money not federal government.
Peter Zenger trial
Established freedom of press
Federation (Federalism)
Separation of state government and federal government
McCulloch vs Maryland
States can’t tax national bank
Gibbons vs Ogden
Federal government controls interstate commerce
Worcester vs Georgia
Government couldn’t force native Americans to leave their land.
Munn vs Illinois
State government could regulate their own in state commerce
Wabash vs Illinois
Overturned munn vs Illinois. Limited states power in regulating commerce.
Standard oil vs United States
Standard oil company found guilty of violating Sherman anti trust act.
Schenck vs US
Limits freedom of speech during times of conflict (during world war 1)
Gideon vs wainwright
States must provide defense attorneys to offenses who cannot afford a lawyer
Miranda vs Arizona
Detained criminals must be informed of their constitutional rights prior to police questioning
Tinker vs Des Moines
Protected student protests under the 1st Amendment as long as their protests weren’t violent or posed distraction
New Jersey vs TLO
Right to privacy. Students have fourth amendment rights to freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
Federalists vs Democratic Republicans
Federalists: strong central government, supported alien and sedition acts, wanted Hamilton’s financial plan, area of support in New England
Democratic Republicans: favored local control over federal, opposed alien and sedition acts, opposed Hamilton’s financial plan, area of support in south and west.
Marshall Court
Chief Justice John Marshall strengthened the role of the federal government. Established judicial review in marbury vs Madison.
Compromise of 1850
Resolved divisions over slavery in the territories gained from the Mexican American war. Admitted California as a free state and let slavery be determined by popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico.
Lincoln vs Radical Republicans
Unlike the radicals, Lincoln did not want to punch the south but instead wanted them to rejoin the union aa quickly as possible.
Tenure of office act
US law forbidding the president to remove civil officers without senatorial approval. This was passed to prevent Jackson from removing secretary of war Edwin Stanton.
W. E. B. Du Bois
African American sociologist. Founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Interstate Commerce Act
Designed to control the monopolistic practices of the railroad industry under federal regulation.
Populist Party
- Supported increasing the power of the working class and the farmers against interests of the wealthy. Wanted public ownership of the railroads, steamship lines and telephone systems. Supported free and unlimited coinage of silver. Abolition of national banks. Graduated income tax. Direct election of senators. Supported initiative, referendum and recall.
Party eventually faded in 1890’s due to improved farming situations
Dawes act
Authorized the president to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians.
Samuel Gompers
Early labor leader and president of the American Federation of Labor.
Initiative referendum and recall
Powers reserved to enable voters to remove and elected official from office,
Progressive party (Bull Moose)
Formed by Theodore Roosevelt. Called for tariff reform, stricter regulation of industry, women’s suffrage, and prohibition of child labor.
Taft Harley Act
Federal law that restricts the activities and powers of labor unions.
New Deal
Domestic program of FDR. Took action to bring relief and reforms in industry, agriculture, finance, water power, labor, and housing. Opposed laissez fair economics and embraced the concept of government regulated economy.
Marshall Plan
Gave $12 million to Europe to help rebuild after WWII
Stagflation
High inflation combined with high unemployment
Democracy
A government for the people by the people
Republican government
A government in which representatives are elected by the people
Federalism
Division of powers between state and federal government
