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Geography - Mr Harris paper 1 > Regenerating places > Flashcards

Regenerating places Flashcards

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1
Q

What changes in job sectors have occured over the past 100 years?

A
  • Reduction in primary and secondary sectors
  • gradual increase in tertiary sectors
  • Recent steep increase in quartnernary and quinary sectors
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2
Q

What have been the potential advantages of reducing the primary and secondary sectors?

A
  • Allows tertiary and Quaternary sectors to develop
  • helps reduce pollution
  • reduces work related health risks
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3
Q

What have been the potential disadvantages of reducing the primary and secondary sectors?

A
  • increased unemployment (domino effect)
  • decreased exports and increased imports
  • increased dereliction
  • weaken the economy
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4
Q

What have been the advantages of expanding the tertiary and Quaternary sectors?

A
  • Higher paid jobs
  • economic growth
  • improved working conditions
  • increased export of services/ knowledge and skills (FDI)
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5
Q

What are the disadvantages of expanding the tertiary and quarternary secotrs?

A
  • not enough jobs to support entire population
  • less low skilled jobs available
  • over reliant on other countries for primary imports.
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6
Q

What are sink estates?

A

Council estates characterised by high levels of economic and social deprivation.

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7
Q

What is the name for when communities are separated due to social class?

A

Social segregation

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8
Q

How are regeneration priorities established?

A

The government aims to transform struggling towns an areas into sustainable communities, which requires growing economies, poverty an deprivation management.

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9
Q

What makes some communities more economically successful

A

-connectedness
-employment types
- TNC investment
-physical geography
employment rates

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10
Q

What factors influence political engagement within a community?

A
  • Age (older populations more like to vote)
  • Level of deprivation (deprived area less likely to vote
  • Ethnicity (less likely)
  • Length of residence (People with more lived experience tend to b more involved)
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11
Q

What are the reasons behind why people lived experience of places and engagement with them varies?

A
  • Age
  • length of residency
  • availability of comminity projects/events which bring the community together
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12
Q

How did the closure of the london docks affect the population?

A

Between 1078 and 1983, over 12,000 jobs were lost and the population fell by 100 000

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13
Q

What is the other name for the mutliplier effect?

A

Commulative causation

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14
Q

What factors allow berkshire to be a successful location?

A

Good connections
-m4 runs along it
-close to Heathrow and connected to London
Geography
- wide floodplain provides good quality flat land for investment
Jobs
-Lots of FDI from TNCs in the knowledge economy provides well paid jobs
-high levels of employment

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15
Q

What is a spiral of decline?

A

When a negative factor such as loss of industry has negative knock on effects until there is a plethora of problems.

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16
Q

What has caused middlesbrough to be a declining location?

A
  • High levels of deindustrialisation due to outsourcing of companies
  • leading to 13% unemployed
  • depopulation- 20,000 people have left since 1990
17
Q

What are some of the causes of the london rioting?

A
  • poor relationships wiht police
  • urban deprivation
  • high youth unemployment
  • polic stop and search
18
Q

What makes sydney a successfull place?

A
  • young economically active workforce
  • De-regulating banking allowing overseas banking
  • leading financial centre for the asia-pacific region
  • warm climate attracts foreign workers.
19
Q

What is the rust belt?

A

The decline in metal manufacturing in america.

20
Q

What are the causes of the rust belt?

A
  • cheaper imports
  • mining companies have been mechanised to cut fees
  • lower wage costs in the south eastern USA led to relocation
21
Q

What are the impacts of the rust belt on its affected regions?

A
  • High wage jobs replaced by low wage tertiary jobs
  • population decline
  • high unemployment
  • reduced revenue for councils as consumer spending falls
22
Q

What was the HS2 redevelopment scheme?

A

Building a high-speed railway connecting London to northern cities such as Birmingham and Manchester.

23
Q

What are the negative impacts of HS2?

A

SOCIAL

  • 600 homes demolished
  • 340 homes segregated from their wider neighbourhood

ENVIRONMENTAL

  • damage to rural areas
  • splitting habitats
  • emissions

ECONOMIC
-at least £43 billion

24
Q

What are the positive impacts of HS2?

A

SOCIAL

  • cutting commuting times between north and south
  • the original west coast main line will be full by 2024, so will take the stress of that
  • connects 30 million people

ENVIRONMENTAL
-will create a green corridor along the route for habitats

ECONOMIC

  • create up to 100,000 jobs
  • 70% of which will be outside of London
  • will bring £92 billion benefits
25
Q

Why was regeneration needed in Wollongong?

A

Deindustrialisation after import tariffs were removed, so it was cheaper to import than use the Australian made goods.

26
Q

What were the impacts of the decline created through deindustrialisation and the closure of shipyards in Glasgow?

A
  • poor health
  • drinking/smoking problems
  • early retirement
  • 75% on sickness benefit
  • 90,000 unemployed
  • racial issues
  • poverty
27
Q

How has Glasgow been regenerated and how has that affect the city?

A

Glasgow became rebranded as the city of style

Socially

  • created popular architecture
  • increased number of tourist attractions

Economically

  • tourist attraction generating income for the local economy
  • provides jobs

Environmentally
-Brownfield site development

28
Q

What case study have we looked at for engagement in a rural community and why was it significant?

A

Grampound

Out of 280 homes, 257 became shareholders in the village shop, raising over £20,500

Geography - Mr Harris paper 1 (7 decks)

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