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Geog > Regenerating Places > Flashcards

Regenerating Places Flashcards

1
Q

How are there differences within the UK?

A

34% of children live below the poverty line in Camden(national poverty line is 21%)
Highest median earnings found in SW London

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2
Q

What can unemployment indicate?

A

Health, life expectancy, and education

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3
Q

What are the physical causes of change in an area?

A

Coastal erosion
Location- impacts trade and development
eg. Bangladesh floods caused $14 million in damage

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4
Q

How can the accessibility cause change in an area?

A

Good transport= more developed and FDI
Rural areas are becoming more urban
eg.HS2 linking major cities such as London, Birmingham and Manchester

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5
Q

How can historical development cause change in an area?

A

The layout in historical cities makes it difficult to expand
Kept in place due to tourism
eg. Totnes, Devon introduced projets to protect it’s local history and culture

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6
Q

How can the local and national planning cause change in an area?

A

Desirable and accessible areas will see and increase in house price and congestion

eg. Bicester is branded as a ‘Garden city’ due to city expansion
eg. HS2 and other transport methods make travelling from rural peripheries to urban cores easier

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7
Q

How can places change?

A

Physical factors, accessibility, historical development and local/national planning

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8
Q

By what processes do places change?

A

Gentrification, multiculturalism, studentification and ageing population

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9
Q

How can a place change by gentrification?

A

Notting Hill consisted of many poorly built terraced housing

  • Now dominated by young professionals
  • High earning sector jobs (finance)
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10
Q

How can a place change by multiculturalism?

A

Bradford contained mostly white British people

  • Now there are more Muslim and Islamic religions
  • 35% don’t have English as their 1st language
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11
Q

How can a place change by studentification?

A

Leeds was home to mainly factory workers

-Now dominated by 31,900 students from Leeds uni

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12
Q

How can an ageing population change a place?

A

Cornwall was mainly primary employment (fishing)

  • Now tourism and seasonal workers
  • Tourism employs 25% of Cornwalls industry
  • Many have retired in Cornwall
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13
Q

What makes an area successful?

A

Low deprivation, inward migration, high property prices, high employment, TNC’s and improved infrastructure and living environment

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14
Q

What are sink estates?

A

Housing estates characterised by high levels of economic and social deprivation as well as crime.

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15
Q

What are the priorities of sink estates?

A

Protect and enhance sports facilities
Build high-quality housing
eg. East Middlesborough

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16
Q

How many new homes in East Middleborough?

A

11,500

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17
Q

What are commuter villages?

A

Settlements with a high proportion of people commuting to large settlements

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18
Q

What are the priorities of commuter villages?

A

Encourage a mixture of house sizes and types
Invest in public transport
eg West Berkshire and Yale, Bristol

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19
Q

What are gated communities?

A

Found in urban and rural settlements that are landscape surveillanced to reduce crime

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20
Q

What are the priorities of gated communities?

A

Protect against crime, vandalism and anti-social behavior
High property prices
eg.Hidden Hills, California where property prices start around £3 million

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21
Q

By how much did the national election turnout fall by in 1997-2001?

A

77.7% - 59.4%

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22
Q

What is a shared equity loan?

A

Since 2013 the scheme has made it possible to borrow up to 20% of a newly built houses up to £600,000 from the government.

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23
Q

What is shared ownership?

A

Aka part buy, part rent. Refers to all low cost ownership schemes in England.

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24
Q

What is rebranding?

A

the area is sold and advertised to change the impression of investors

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25
Q

What would make regeneration successful socially?

A

Smaller inequality gap, crime and deprivation reduction and improvements in life expectancy and health

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26
Q

What would make regeneration successful economically?

A

Rise in income, affordable housing and schemes focused to generate jobs.

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27
Q

What would make regeneration successful environmental?

A

Use of brownfield sites, reduction of pollution, more open green space and reduced derelict land

28
Q

How national policy enables trade case study?

A

Northern powerhouse

29
Q

How many new businesses set up in the Northern powerhouse?

A

65,000

30
Q

What is the worth of goods exported in the Northern powerhouse?

A

£60 billion

31
Q

Immigration case study?

A

Boston, Lincolnshire

32
Q

Challenges in Boston, Lincolnshire?

A

Segregation, pressure on resources, low average wage (£9) and English struggle to get the same jobs because immigrants will work for cheaper

33
Q

Advantages Boston, Lincolnshire?

A

Workers bring new skills, immigrants prepared to work for less therfore higher profit for empolyers

34
Q

Successful region case study?

A

M4 corridor

35
Q

What has population increased by in Slough?

A

6.4%- 16.3% making it the fastest growing town in SE England

36
Q

What makes Berkshire successful?

A

High employment rates, many high tech, research and development companies, lose to Heathrow Airport

37
Q

How many more jobs are expected in Berkshire?

A

70,000

38
Q

Unsuccessful region case study?

A

Detroit, USA

39
Q

What percentage of adults have a degree in Detroit?

A

18%

40
Q

What is health like in Detroit?

A

very poor- high infant mortality, higher than in Botswana

41
Q

How many crimes are unsolved in Detroit?

A

7/10

42
Q

How many abandoned buildings are there in Detroit?

A

80,000

43
Q

Kilometers of derelict land in Detroit?

A

130km2

44
Q

Percentage decrease in population?

A

28% from 2000-2015

45
Q

Infrastructure investment case studies?

A

HS2 and Heathrow

46
Q

How much is HS2 predicted to cost?

A

£56 billion

47
Q

How much could the third runway generate?

A

£100 billion nationally per year

48
Q

How many jobs could Heathrow create?

A

70,000

49
Q

Local regeneration case studies?

A

Retail led (Cabots Cirus) Science Park (Cambridge) Tourism (Leeds) Urban/Sports led (London) Rural (Powys)

50
Q

How much did Cabots circus cost £500 million?

A

£500 million

51
Q

How many people work at Cambridge science park?

A

over 5000

52
Q

How much do tourist bring to Leeds?

A

£735 million per day

53
Q

Why were locals against the London Olympics?

A

11,000 people forced to move
Don’t qualify to work for Olympics because they’re unskilled
Rapid increase in house price so unaffordable

54
Q

What were the solutions to Powys?

A

Structural funds, broadband and local currency

55
Q

How do volunteer contribute to Powys?

A

There are 26,000 which contribute £137.6 million to the economy

56
Q

Rural rebranding case study?

A

Haworth

57
Q

How much was invested in the Bronte connection?

A

£210,000 which also improved transport

58
Q

How did Haworth rebrand?

A

First fairtade village, Bronte connection and farm diversification

59
Q

What were the successes of Haworth?

A

Tourism generates £500 million and supports 13,500 jobs in retail and tourism

60
Q

Urban rebranding case study?

A

Belfast

61
Q

How did Belfast rebrand?

A

Titanic Quarter and Cathedral quarter

62
Q

How many tourists did the Titanic quarter attract in the first year of opening?

A

800,000

63
Q

How many jobs were created by regenerating the run down area of Belfast ( cathedral quarter)?

A

2000

64
Q

What is meant by a place function?

A

The role of a place for the community and surrounding area

65
Q

What are the 4 key functions most places have?

A

Administration, commercial, retail and industrial

66
Q

3 ways to measure the change in an area?

A

employment, demographic change and land use change

Geog (8 decks)

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