Regenerating Landscapes EQ 1

Question 1

Different types of economic sectors

Answer 1

• primary
• secondary
• tertiary
• quaternary
• quinary

Question 2

What is the primary sector

Answer 2

The extraction of raw resources e.g. Mining and farming

Question 3

What is secondary sector

Answer 3

Manufacturing and processing the raw resources e.g. Car manufacturing

Question 4

What is the tertiary sector

Answer 4

Service sector e.g. Tourism and banking

Question 5

What is the quaternary sector

Answer 5

High tech research and design

Question 6

What is the Quinary sector

Answer 6

Knowledge management, consultancy, leadership, ceos

Question 7

What are the different types of employment

Answer 7

• full time
• part time
• self employed
• temporary
• permanent

Question 8

Social factors that vary economic activity

Answer 8

• health
• life expectancy
• education

Question 9

How does health vary economic activity

Answer 9

The healthier they are the more productive as they will work more

Question 10

How does education vary economic activity

Answer 10

The better educated someone is the more likely that they will get better employment.

Question 11

How does life expectancy vary economic actively

Answer 11

The greater the life expectancy the greater the retirement age is. This means that people work longer.

Question 12

How inequalities of pay reflect quality of life indices

Answer 12

As wages increase, there is an increase in quality of life. An example would be in London where median wage is 35,000 health is 84% but where median wage is 60,000 health is 88%. IMD ranks level of deprivation using 4 categories. Income and employment are ranked highly compared to health and education. This says that the lower your income the more deprived and a lower quality of life.

Question 13

What are the functions of a place

Answer 13

Administrative, commercial, retail and industrial

Question 14

Define function

Answer 14

The role a place plays for its community.

Question 15

How has the retail function changed over time

Answer 15

Retail has changed itself with online shopping, banking and click and collect. This means less people visit high streets, to counteract this and attract customer there is regeneration by giving high streets specific place identities. In rural areas pubs double up as post offices, shops and community centres. Towns compete to become retail destinations with shopping centres with restaurants and leisure activities.

Question 16

How has industrial function changed over time

Answer 16

In mid 1800s there was an industrial revolution with mechanisation taking over the need of manual labour in fields, so they moved into cities and worked in factories. In modern day cities there are small business or industrial units in servicing or light manufacturing.

Question 17

How has commercial functions changed over time

Answer 17

Commercial functions are changing because of customer habits. They are being changed by the internet, broadband services. There are less needs to visit commercial functions such as banks or doctor surgeries.

Question 18

How has administrative functions changed over time

Answer 18

In the mid 1800s middle class people needed to manage their day to day lives so administrative functions such as county courts, banks and regional headquarters were set up in county towns.

Question 19

Define demographic

Answer 19

Characteristics of age structure, ethnic composition and gentrification in rural and urban areas.

Question 20

What is gentrification

Answer 20

Improving urban areas and attracting people with money to invest into that area

Question 21

How has the demographic changed over time

Answer 21

• There is an ageing population and outward migration of younger working adults
• Increased multicultural society
• Rural areas have a high elderly population
• Rise in youth unemployment

Question 22

Reasons for changes in a place

Answer 22

Physical factors
Accessibility
Historical development
Role of local and national planning

Question 23

How do physical factors change places

Answer 23

Dynamic changing landscapes present management challenges. E.g. Due to sea level rise there is rapid coastal erosion threatening the livelihood. They are now concerned with climate change there is increased amount of renewable energy such as solar farms and zero emission buildings. There is change as they also focus on flood defence.

Question 24

How has accessibility change places

Answer 24

With increased accessibility certain towns and places have become more successful from motorways, airports and train lines. With airports there has been increased migration into an area for example new castle.

Question 25

How has historical development changed places

Answer 25

Some places change slowly and their current layout and characteristics reflect their history. Projects to protect their culture and history can change a town by bringing tourist.

Question 26

How has local and national planning caused change

Answer 26

Some rural villages are at risk of being overrun by urban areas. With the growth it towns and cities to cope with a shortage of housing. Also adding railway links may indirectly bring a places value up. For example a railway link between oxford and Cambridge, and north Buckinghamshire can expect increase congestion and house prices.

Question 27

How can be changed be measured

Answer 27

Employment trends
Demographic changes
Land use changes
Levels of deprivation

Question 28

How has global influences affected Kingston

Answer 28

There are global shops in Kingston such as “H and M” and restaurants such as “5 guys”.
Kingston is also a popular shopping destination and Christmas market which attracts tourists.
There are 2 theatres which provides entertainment.

Question 29

International influences shaped Kingston

Answer 29

Kingston has a twinning town with Jaffna, Kingston has 12,000 Tamils living in the borough and its the fastest growing community.
There have been two European funded projects supporting 1100 year 10s and 11s.

Question 30

National influences shaped Kingston

Answer 30

The conservative government won the general election, however Kingston was a Labour Party. This means there are conflicting ideas on how London should be run.
E.g. Conservatives wants to expand Heathrow which will put more stress on Kingston with more people visiting through the x26. Or cut the NHS.

Question 31

Regional influences shaping Kingston

Answer 31

Kingston is in zone 6 and is on the south west trains. This means there are good transport as there is easy access into London. There are also buses that go though Kingston to get to Heathrow and other places.
There are is good leisure.
There is an enterprise zone in Kingston which helps business set up and supports them, Kingston uni also helps support business by connecting organisations with knowledge, skills and research expertise.
Attracts families into the area with good schools and decent assess into London

Question 32

Global influences on hackney

Answer 32

Is home to a number of regional offices and is a place where many business set up such as firebox. In hackney there are “gold shops” and Stratford Westfield in hackney.

Question 33

International influences on hackney

Answer 33

The European investment bank has been working to build 20,000 new homes in England and there will be 2000 in hackney. 78% of hackney voters voted to remain in the eu.
Hackney has a twinning town in Barbados, this was done to establish links with Caribbean communities.

Question 34

National influences that have shaped hackney

Answer 34

Mayor of hackney is in the Labour Party.

Hackney has a strong sense of community as there are ward forums on how to improve the area.

Question 35

Regional influences that have shaped hackney

Answer 35

Hackney is in zone 2 so travel into London is quick and cheaper compared to other zones. Hackney also has Victoria park, hackney empire (theatre) and broadway market.

Question 36

Hackney facts

Answer 36

Is the 6th diverse borough in London and from 2001 to 2011 there has been a 60% increase in other white population. In hackney there is a lower population of Christians compared to England but there is and increased population of Jewish Muslim and Buddhist. Ethnic minorities may find it hard to access their culture such as food but can experience others. Religious minorities may find it hard to find building of worship.