Regal Period 753 - 509 BC

Question 1

Geography of Rome

Answer 1

Central Italy, south of Etruria in Latium

15 miles from Tyrrhenian Sea

Series of hills -7 (valleys flood)

Creeks run through valleys

Rivers allow for good defence

Question 2

Importance of Tiber River

Answer 2

Sewage, trade, fresh water, food, fertile soil

Question 3

7 Kings of Rome - Livy

Answer 3

Wrote history of Rome 100 years later in the Imperial times - can’t rely on his word

Question 4

Important themes in Livy’s view of Roman Success

Answer 4

1) Support of the gods – That’s why they are so successful
2) Military victory – Roman’s win, great military victors
3) Concordia/harmony – What happens after the victory, harmony from enemies and Roman’s = stronger state with support of the gods

Question 5

1) Romulus

Answer 5

• *ROME FOUNDED 753 BC**
• Princes of Alba Longa & descendants of Aeneas of Troy
• Simple community of thatched hunts on top of the hills (Palatine village)
• Huts made of wood, covered with mud and straw on the roof
• Increase the population = slaves who ran away and criminals were said to have joined- all male, thugs
• Steals Sabine women during festival

-According to Livy the Sabine’s set up on the Capitoline hill

Question 6

2) Numa Pompilius

Answer 6

• A Sabine
• Theme of Concordia
• Elected by people
• Peaceful king
• Tried to consolidate the city
• Great accomplishments: found basis of Roman religious structure, founds temples, create the calendar, and appoints priests

Question 7

3) Tullus Hostillius

Answer 7

• Elected
• During his time, he has a war with Alba Longa
• Alba Longa is destroyed and the people come to Rome (doubling the population of Romans)
• Kelian hill used to house Alba Longa people
• Different population bases going on different hills, but city is united

Question 8

4) Ancus Marcus

Answer 8

• Elected** All the kings after Romulus had been elected (it is proper that you elect the people that are in charge – principal of the period)
• Expands the population again, by added Latium town he conquered
• Bringing the population back to Rome, and puts them on another hill

Question 9

5) Tarquinius Priscus

Answer 9

• Starts next SET of kings, all after Priscus – all from Etruria
• Etruria more advanced at this point than the Romans
• Immigrated from Etruria to Rome, gets elected King, we see possibilities for outsiders
• Sets in motion changes that bring about a fundamental change in the appearance of the city of Rome
  
  • Drains the forum
  • Lays out the circus Maximus (idea comes from Etruria)
  • Builds the foundation for the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus Capitolinus (on the Capital hill, using mudbrick, wood, tile, terracotta) ‘largest temple in Italy at the time it was constructed & in Etruscan style’

Question 10

6) Servius Tullius

Answer 10

Servian Walls

Question 11

7) Tarquinius Superbus

Answer 11

Ends reign and Regal period in 509 BC

• ‘Tarquin the Arrogant’
• Gets to be king by steeling the throne from Servius Tullius
• Commits a number of transgressions against the Roman people

-When the change happens from regal system to republic elite members of society have say