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Ophthalmology > Refractive Error > Flashcards

Refractive Error Flashcards

1
Q

What is the medical term of short sightedness and what does this mean?

A

Myopia

Close objects are clear
Distant objects are blurred

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2
Q

What causes myopia?

A

Globe is too large/powerful and focuses light in-front of the retina

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3
Q

What is the commonest refractive error?

A

Myopia

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4
Q

What lens is myopia treated with?

A

Concave (curved inwards)

Negative

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5
Q

What do concave lenses do?

A

Diverge light

Make things appear smaller

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6
Q

What is the medical term of long sightedness and what does this mean?

A

Hypermetropia

Distance objects are clear
Close objects are blurred

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7
Q

What causes hypermetropia?

A

Globe isn’t strong enough and light focuses behind the retina

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8
Q

What lens is hypermetropia treated with?

A

Convex (curved outwards)

Positive

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9
Q

What do convex lens do?

A

Converge light

Make things appear larger

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10
Q

What causes astigmatism?

A

Light not focusing evenly on the retina due to an irregular corneal curvature

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11
Q

How does astigmatism present?

A

Blurred vision at all distances

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12
Q

How can astigmatism be managed?

A

Lens

Surgery

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13
Q

What is presbyopia?

A

Loss of lens elasticity from aging resulting in light focusing behind retina

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14
Q

What lens is presbyopia treated with?

A

Convex (curved outwards)

Positive

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15
Q

What is accomodative esotropia?

A

Cross eye caused by focusing efforts of a hypermetropic eye

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16
Q

In a visual acuity test, what would suggest a refractive error and why?

A

Improvement with pinhole covering

Reduction of light entering eye reduces refractive error which improves sight

17
Q

What eye problem are myopes more prone to and why?

A

Spontaneous retinal detachment

Generally have larger globe which stretches the tissues making them easier to tear

18
Q

Sudden onset floaters in a myope suggests what?

A

Spontaneous retinal detachment

Ophthalmology (10 decks)

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