Reformation Flashcards
How does religion dictate action
- Mart luther wrote the 95 theses stacking the selling of indulgences. He taught that salvation was gained through faith alone and that Church teachings should solely be based on the Bible
- John Calvin wrote the “institutes of the Christian Religion” to express his ideas about Christianity
How is power gained, used, and challenged?
- Luther was living in a time of reformation. Many followed him for selfish reasons and wanted to seize Church property. He eventually formed the Protestant Church
- Henry VIII wanted a male heir -> Pope wouldn’t annul marriage; Act of Supremacy
- Elizabeth I established a the Church of England, hoping to appeal to both Catholics and Protestants
- Catholic Church wanted subjects to remain loyal -> Catholic Reformation
- Ignatius of Loyola: created religious order, the Jesuits; well educated, missionaries; founded many schools
- Pope Paul and papacy agreed on several doctrines at the Council of Trent
How does economic and cultural exchange impact societal development?
- Calvin’s reforms were adopted in Geneva; very strict rules (no colorful clothing, music)
- As Reformers’ ideas spread, more reforms developed
- Through Reformation, Catholic Church became more unified but lost prestige.
What complaints did early reformers have with the Catholic Church?
- Popes during Renaissance patronized arts, spent money and fought wars
- Lower clergy were uneducated and broke priestly vows
What was Marin Luther’s role in the Reormation and by was he more successful than earlier reformers?
Printing press helped spread his ideas
- incentives for both poor (freedom) a rich (less powerful church = more power for them)
What role did politics play in the Reformation
-Many German princes wanted to have more power so they followed Luther
Explain how Protestant Churches evolved from the ideas of Luther
Protestant broke up into many different sub-groups
- Anglicanism
- Calvinism
- Anabaptists
- etc……
Explain how the Catholic Church responded to the Reformation and evaluate its success
- Began its own reforms
- Igantius of Loyola + Jesuits
- Council of Trent
Martin Luther
- Monk and teacher
- Leader of the reformation
- wrote 95 Theses
Henry VIII
- Started the Anglican Church
Act of Supremacy
Declared the King as supreme authority; not the pope (England)
Predestination
Belief that God already chose who will gain salvation
John Knox
Founder of Presbyterian Church
Council of Trent
Laid out doctrines of the Catholic Church
Indulgence
Payment to the church that is a pardon for sin
