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731 Pediatrics > Reflexes Lecture > Flashcards

Reflexes Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Lifespan Reflex Definition

A
  • last throughout life

- Examples: knee-jerk reflex, flexor withdrawal reflex

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2
Q

Best place for baby to play?

A

Floor time

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3
Q

Postural Reflexes

A
  • begin to emerge once infant reflexes integrate

- will be affected if infant ones don’t integrate

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4
Q

Primitive Reflexes Examples

A

Rooting, sucking, palmar, Babinski, ATNR, Moro, ATNR, Spinal Galant, TLR, Landau, STNR

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5
Q

Primitive Reflexes Function

A
  • initiate movements that form the building blocks for intentional movements
  • Protection, nutrition, survival
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6
Q

Things that can inhibit integration

A
  • injuries at birth
  • drugs ingested in utero or through breast milk
  • allergies
  • overstimulation
  • blinking lights and media overload
  • lack of opportunity for movement
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7
Q

Moro Reflex Onset and Integration

A

Onset: birth
Integration: 4 months

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8
Q

Moro Reflex Testing Procedure

A

place child on back and gently lift head off of mat, release head suddenly, allowed to fall backward for a moment but quickly supported again
- can put pillow down for saftey

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9
Q

Moro Reflex Expected Response

A

Startles, arms move sideways with palms up and the thumbs flexed, baby may cry

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10
Q

How Moro Reflex helps development

A

involuntary reaction to threat, fight or flight

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11
Q

If MORO Reflex doesn’t integrate: FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATIONS

A

motion sickness, poor balance/coordination, delayed equilibrium and righting responses, auditory hypersensitivity, poor auditory discrimination, difficulty with transitions, hypersensitivity may be seen in only one sense

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12
Q

If MORO reflex doesn’t integrate: GLOBAL MANIFESTATIONS

A

dislike change or surprise, allergies, lowered immunity, ear infection, parents walk on eggshells to keep the world right for kid, need to control, poor stamina, low self-esteem, difficulty making decisions, “glued” to mom or teacher, sedentary

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13
Q

ATNR Reflex “fencing pose”: Onset and Integration

A

Onset: birth
Integration: 6 months

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14
Q

ATNR Testing procedure and Response

A

Procedure: place child on back, gently turn head to one side
Response: UE flexion on opposite side of head turn and UE extension on side head is turned towards

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15
Q

How ATNR helps development

A
  • develop muscle tone
  • provides vestibular stimulation
  • balance
  • decreases chances for breech birth
  • initiates eye-hand activities
  • helps initiate rolling
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16
Q

If ATNR is not integrated…

A
  • delayed eye-hand skills
  • poor midline development
  • difficulty crossing midline with hands and eyes
  • difficulty with auditory processing
  • poor organization
  • when reaching, one arm extends, one arm flexes
  • one leg left behind during crawling
  • turning body while drawing/writing
  • not spontaneously using non-dominant hand to assist
17
Q

Spinal Galant Reflex Onset and Integration

A

Onset: 32 weeks gestation
Integration: 3 months

18
Q

Spinal Galant Testing Procedure and Response

A

Procedure: baby is prone, stroke down the back from below the shoulder to the base of the lumbar region 1/2 inch from the spine - do both sides (no more than 3x)
Response: infant will laterally flex toward stimulated side

19
Q

How Spinal Galant helps development

A

active part in birthing process by stimulating lumbar region causing rotational movement of hips

20
Q

If SPINAL GALANT not integrated: UNDERDEVELOPED

A
  • contributes to hyper-tonicity
  • strong ATNR and STNR
  • impeded cross patterns for crawling and creeping
21
Q

If SPINAL GALANT not integrated: WHEN RETAINED

A
  • fidgeting
  • bed wetting
  • poor concentration and short term memory
  • hip rotation to one side when walking
  • child may only wear sweatpants to avoid stimulation of lumbar region
22
Q

TLR - Tonic Labryrinthe Reflex Onset and Integration

A

Onset: utero
Integration: 36 months

23
Q

TLR Testing Procedures

A

1: Place child on back and lift up into sitting position
2: place child on tummy

24
Q

TLR Response

A

1: (supine) flexor tone will dominate
2: (prone) extensor tone will dominate

25
Q

How TLR helps development

A
  • a response to gravity: movement of head above the spine: extension; movement of head below the spine: flexion
  • if moro reflex isn’t integrated, TLR probably won’t either
26
Q

What happens if FLEXOR TLR isn’t integrated

A
  • slouched posture
  • low muscle tone
  • dislike of physical activity
  • stuck in flexion
27
Q

What happens if EXTENSOR TLR isn’t integrated

A
  • toe walking
  • high muscle tone
  • dislike of physical activity
  • stuck in extension
  • poor organizational skills
  • motion sickness
28
Q

Landau Reflex “Coming in for a landing”

A

Onset: 4 months
Integration: 12 months
Procedure: suspend infant horizontally in prone
Response: extension of head, neck, and trunk

29
Q

How LANDAU reflex helps development

A
  • assists with posture development, sitting, and walking

- helps inhibit TLR

30
Q

What happens if LANDAU reflex is not integrated?

A
  • poor muscle tone causing chronic back and neck pain
  • tension and hyperextension of the legs accompanied by stiffness of the lower body
  • affects development of balance
  • ability to flex leg muscles correctly
  • vertical eye tracking
  • limitation of the field of vision
  • poor at sports
  • stiff awkward movements in lower half of body
  • difficulty in hopping and jumping
31
Q

STNR Reflex

A

Onset: 6 months
Integration: 11 months
Procedure: Place child in sitting and tip forward
Response: Neck and arms flex, legs extend
Procedure: Place child in sitting and tip backward
Response: neck and arms extend, legs flex

32
Q

How STNR helps development

A
  • allows child to defy gravity and assume quadruped
  • integrated as child begins to crawl
  • job is to dissassociate UEs from LEs
  • integrated when rocking back and forth on hands and knees
33
Q

What happens if STNR is not integrated

A
  • “W” sitting (inhibits STNR)
  • poor posture
  • hands in pocket
  • bunny hop instead of crawl
  • difficulty sitting still
  • falls out of chair
  • clumsy
  • poor balance
  • not into sports because can’t rely on body
  • behavior problems
  • poor eye coordination
  • difficulty copying
  • difficulty sitting for fine motor activities

731 Pediatrics (9 decks)

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