Referendums

Question 1

In what circumstances are referendums held ? (4)

Answer 1

1. To legitimise a major government initiative eg 1998 Good Friday agreement approval and 1997 creation of a Scottish parliament
2. To get the government out of a difficult situation eg 2016 Brexit referendum
3. As a result of a deal between 2 parties eg 2011 AV referendum
4. In response to pressure to hold a referendum eg 2014 Scottish independence referendum

Question 2

Reasons referendums are not good for the UK

Answer 2

1. They undermine parliamentary sovereignty (MPs need to carry out their functions)
2. Voters show little desire to participate eg 41% in the 2011 AV referendum
3. Decisions bind future generations
4. Tyranny of the majority

Question 3

Reasons why referendums are good for the UK

Answer 3

1. They encourage political participation and allow people to participate at a time when there isn’t a general election
2. Some issues require popular endorsement eg Scottish independence
3. Due to the 2000 Political parties, elections and referendums act, an independent commission determines the question so there is no prejudice
4. Important under the coalition as there was no clear mandate from the people

Question 4

Scottish independence referendum

Answer 4

• 2014
• Turnout 85%
• 55% voted no

Question 5

AV referendum

Answer 5

• 2011
• Turnout 42%
• 67% voted no
• Due to the coalition government

Question 6

Creation of the welsh National Assembly

Answer 6

• 1997
• 50.3% voted in favour of a welsh assembly
• 50% Turnout
• Bound future generations

Question 7

European Union members referendum

Answer 7

• 2016
• Turnout 72%
• 52% voted leave
• Binding on future generations