References - description first

Question 1

Microscopic invertebrates are defined as ranging from 20um to 200um in length.

Answer 1

Reiss., 2018 (1)

Question 2

Protozoans are small, heterotrophic, unicellular eukaryotes.

Answer 2

Reiss., 2018 (2)

Question 3

Ciliates feeding on bacteria and flagellates leads to high productivity.

Answer 3

Giller et al., 1998 (1)

Question 4

The total production by a protozoan population was similar to that of the amphipod Gammarus and greater than those of simuliids and fish.

Answer 4

Giller et al., 1998 (2)

Question 5

Meiofauna are intermediate in size between the macrofauna and microfauna and include both temporary and permanent meiofauna.

Answer 5

Robertson., 2000

Question 6

In European streams, meiofauna make a large contribution to their diversity, contributing between 58 and 82% if the total species richness

Answer 6

Robertson et al., 2000

Question 7

Macroscopic invertebrates are typically larger than 500um in size

Answer 7

Montagna et al., 2002

Question 8

Much of the biodiversity in lotic freshwater is accounted for by macrofauna

Answer 8

Heino., 2005

Question 9

G. pulex occupies upper reaches in a river system and A. aquaticus occupies the lower reaches (mostly).

Answer 9

Graca et al., 1994

Question 10

Loss of biodiversity reduces the efficiency by which ecological communities capture biologically essential resources, produce biomass, decompose and recycle biologically essential nutrients.

Answer 10

Carindale et al., 2012

Question 11

According to the insurance hypothesis, biodiversity insures ecosystems against declines in their functioning because many species provide greater guarantees that some will remain functioning even if others fail.

Answer 11

Yachi and Loreau., 1999

Question 12

Freshwaters are experiencing declines in biodiversity that is far greater than those of terrestrial environments.

Answer 12

Dudgeon et al., 2006

Question 13

Decomposition in winter was faster in 2011 than in 1978 due to recovery from acidification.

Answer 13

Jenkins et al., 2012

Question 14

Under the EU water framework directive, the UK along with the rest of Europe is attempting to improve any waterbodies that are classed as moderate, poor or bad with the aim of achieving good ecological status.

Answer 14

Acreman and Ferguson., 2010

Question 15

A major objective of river restorations is to increase ecosystem goods and services.

Answer 15

Palmer et al., 2005

Question 16

High biodiversity is usually an indication of excellent water quality and low biodiversity indicating low quality.

Answer 16

Corpuz et al., 2016

Question 17

Decomposition of organic matter, attributable to microbes, has been found to be affected adversely at some locations by acidification

Answer 17

Muniz., 1990