Redox Reactions Flashcards
What is oxidation?
It is the loss of electrons
What is reduction?
It is the gain of electrons
What happens in a redox reaction?
Electrons are transferred
What is an oxidising agent?
It accepts electrons and gets reduced
What is a reducing agent?
It donates electrons and gets oxidised
What is the oxidation state of uncombined elements?
0
What is the oxidation state of elements bonded to identical atoms?
0
What is the oxidation state of a simple monoatomic ion?
The oxidation state is the same as its charge
What is the overall oxidation state of compound ions?
The ion charge of the compound ion
What is the sum of the oxidation states for a neutral compound?
0
What is the oxidation state of group 1 metals?
+1
What is the oxidation state of group 2 metals?
+2
What is the oxidation state of aluminium?
+3
What is the oxidation state of H?
+1 except in metal hydrides where it is -1
What is the oxidation state of F?
-1
What is the oxidation state of Cl, Br and I?
-1 except in compounds with oxygen and fluorine
What is the oxidation state of O?
-2 except in peroxides(H2O2) where it is -1 and in compounds with fluorine
What method can be applied when trying to balance redox equations?
- Write out the reagents and products
- Balance the reagents and products
- Add water to balance the oxygens
- Add H+ ions to balance the hydrogens
- Add electrons to balance the charge
What method can be applied when writing half equations?
- Work out the oxidation numbers for each element
- Add electrons equal to the oxidation number
- Check that the sum of the charges is equal on either side
What method can be applied when combining half equations?
- Multiply the half equations to get an equal number of electrons
- Combine the half equations and cancel out the electrons
What do roman numerals show in a chemical name?
They show the oxidation states
