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chemisty > redox > Flashcards

redox Flashcards

1
Q

oxidation number: number assigned to_____________ to show _________________________

A

element, state of oxidation

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2
Q

RULES
oxidation number of a monoatomic ion is

A

equal to charge of ion

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2
Q

RULES
oxidation number of grp 1 elements

A

+1 always

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2
Q

RULES
oxidation number of grp 2 elements

A

+2 alwayss

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2
Q

RULES
oxidation number of atom in elemental (free/combined) state is

A

0

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2
Q

RULES
oxidation number of grp 13 elements

A

+3 alwaaaays

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3
Q

RULES
in neutral compound, sum of oxidation nos=

A

0

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3
Q

RULES
oxidation number of H

A
  • +1 mostly
  • -1 in METAL HYDRIDES (smth combined w a metal)
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3
Q

RULES
oxidation number of O

A
  • -2 mostly
  • -1 in PEROXIDES
  • +2 in OF2
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3
Q

RULES
oxidation number of F

A

-1 always

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4
Q

RULES
in polyatomic ion, sum of all oxidation states of all constituent atoms =

A

charge of ion

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5
Q

OXIDATION is the

A
  • GAIN in oxygen
  • LOSS of hydrogen
  • INCREASE in OXIDATION NO
  • LOSS of electrons (+ charge)
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6
Q

REDUCTION is the

A
  • LOSS of oxygen
  • GAIN in hydrogen
  • DECREASE in OXIDATION NO
  • GAIN of electrons (- charge)
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7
Q

Oxidation: process involving:
reduction: process involving:
eg: Mg + CuO —> MgO + Cu

A
  • gain in oxygen
  • loss of oxygen
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8
Q

Oxidation: process involving
reduction: process involving
eg: Cl2 + N2H2 —> N2 + 2HCl

A
  • loss of hydrogen
  • gain in hydrogen
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8
Q

CHANGE IN OXIDATION NO (most impt)
increase:
decrease:

A
  • oxidation
  • reduction
9
Q

def: ______________ is a process in which oxidation no. of a _______________ increases

A

oxidation, substance

10
Q

def: _______________ is a process in which oxidation no. of a _____________ decreases

A

reduction, substance

11
Q

answer format:
Oxidation no. of X increases from 0 in X to +1 in XZ. hence X is ___________

A

oxidised

11
Q

how to find change in oxidation no:
- write oxidation state of every __________ in every substance in the ________ eqn
- compare oxidation states of the ______ elements ________ & ________ reaction
- if increase:____________, if decrease:____________

A
  • element, ionic
  • same, b4, after
  • oxidation, reduction
12
Q

answer format:
oxidation no of X decreases from +2 in AX to 0 in X. hence X is _____________

A

reduced

12
Q

HALF EQUATIONS:
eg
oxidation: Mg —> Mg2+ + 2e-
reduction: Zn2+ + 2e- —> Zn
- loss of electrons (oxidation): _____ hand side
- gain of electrons (reduction): _____ hand side

A
  • right
  • left
13
Q

GAIN/LOSS OF ELECTRONS
oxidation: ______ of electrons
reduction: ______ of electrons

A
  • loss
  • gain
14
Q

METHOD for half eqns
- identify species being oxidised/reduced
- balance no. of _______ on each side of eqn
- balance overall charge by __________ electrons

A
  • atoms
  • adding
15
Q

CRITERIA for half eqns
1. no. of _______ of each element must be ________ on both sides of eqn
2. overall charge must be ________ on both sides

A
  • atoms, equal
  • equal
16
Q

REDOX REACTION
def: ____________ __________ reactions where _______ oxidation and reduction occur ______________________

A

electron transfer, both, simultaneously

17
Q

REDOX REACTION
ans format:
oxidation state of X decreases from 0 in X to -1 in XB. hence X is _________
oxidation state of Y increases from -1 in YT to 0 in Y. hence Y is _________
since _________&_________ occurs ___________________, it is a ________ reaction

A
  • reduced
  • oxidised
  • oxidation, reduction, simultaneously, redox
18
Q

DISPROPORTIONATION REACTIONS
def: _______ reaction in which a ______ ____________ undergoes oxidation & reduction _____________________

A

redox, single substance, simultaneously

19
Q

DISPROPORTIONATION REACTIONS
ans format:
oxidation state of Y increases from 0 in Y to +2 in YL. hence Y is ____________
oxidation state of Y decreases from 0 in Y to -1 in YO. hence Y is __________
since Y is both oxidised & reduced ___________________, it is a _______________________ reaction

A
  • oxidised
  • reduced
  • simultaneously, disproportionation
20
Q

Oxidising agent: ___________ that __________ other substances but itself undergoes ______________

A

substance, oxidises, reduction

21
Q

Reducing agent: ____________ that __________ other substances but itself undergoes ____________

A

substance, reduces, oxidation

22
Q

eg of OXIDISING AGENT: KMnO4
colour change: ________ to _________________ (cus of Mn2+ formed)

A

purple —> colourless

23
Q

eg of REDUCING AGENT: KI
colour change: ____________ to ________(cus of I3- formed)

A

colourless—>brown

chemisty (6 decks)

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