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EDEXCEL AS Chemistry > redox > Flashcards

redox Flashcards

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1
Q

OILRIG

A

oxidation is loss, reduction is gain

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2
Q

what’s the oxidation number of uncombined elements?
e.g- Cl2, Fe, O2

A

it’s always zero

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3
Q

what’s the oxidation number of ions.
e.g: Cl-, Ca2+

A

the same as the charge of the ion

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4
Q

what is the oxidation number of group 1 elements?

A

always +1

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5
Q

what is the oxidation number of group 2 elements?

A

always +2

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6
Q

what is the oxidation number of Al?

A

always +3

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7
Q

what is the oxidation number of hydrogen?

A

+1, unless it’s a metal hydride (eg. KH) in which case, it’s -1

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8
Q

what is the oxidation number of chlorine?

A

-1 except if it’s in a compound with fluorine and oxygen then it would have a positive value

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9
Q

what is the oxidation number of fluorine?

A

always -1

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10
Q

what is the oxidation number of oxygen?

A

-2, or in peroxide where it’s -1 or +2 in OF2

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11
Q

oxidation number states must always add up to…

A

the overall charge of the molecule

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12
Q

reduction is the what in oxidation number?

A

decrease

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13
Q

oxidation is the what in oxidation number?

A

increase

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14
Q

the reducing agent is…

A

what’s been oxidised

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15
Q

the oxidising agent is…

A

what’s been reduced

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16
Q

a disproportionation reaction is…

A

when one element has been simultaneously oxidised and reduced

17
Q

rules of balancing half equations in acidic conditions…

A
  1. write down the species before and after the reaction
  2. balance these atoms except O and H
    3 balance O atoms using water
  3. balance H atoms using H+ ions
  4. balance charge using electrons
18
Q

rules of balancing half equations in alkali / basic conditions…

A

same steps 1-4 as acidic conditions, but …
. add an equivalent of OH- ions as there are H+ ions as there are H+ ions on both sides of equation
. OH- ions combine with H+ to make water
. then balance charges with elections

19
Q

to combine 2 half equations, you would…

A

multiply all atoms to ensure both equations have the same amounts of elections.
Then combine the equations and cancel out anything that’s the same on both sides.

20
Q

describe the observation of magnesium reacting with excess sulfuric acid…

A
  • Mg solid disappears
  • fizzing / gas produced
21
Q

common uses for sodium chlorate…

A
  • bleach
  • disinfectant
  • sterilisation

EDEXCEL AS Chemistry (13 decks)

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