Redox Flashcards
What are the 4 ways to define oxidation?
1 | Gain of oxygen.
2 | Loss of hydrogen.
3 | Loss of electrons.
4 | Increase in oxidation state.
What are the 4 ways to define reduction?
1 | Loss of oxygen.
2 | Gain of hydrogen.
3 | Gain of electrons.
4 | Increase in oxidation state.
What is the oxidation state of pure elements?
0
What is the oxidation state of ions with a fixed charge?
Equal to the charge
What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in any substance, excluding metal hydrides?
+1
What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in metal hydrides?
-1
What is the oxidation state of oxygen in any compound, excluding peroxides?
-2
What is the oxidation state of oxygen in peroxides?
-1
What is an oxidising agent?
It is a substance which causes another substance to oxidise by reducing itself.
Essentially, it helps to oxidise another substance, making it an “agent for oxidising”
What is a reducing agent?
It is a substance which causes another substance to reduce by oxidising itself.
Essentially, it helps to reduce another substance, making it an “agent for reducing”
How do you test for the presence of a reducing agent?
Add KMnO4 (Acidified potassium permanganate solution). It turns from purple to colourless upon reaction with a reducing agent.
How do you test for the presence of an oxidising agent?
Add KI (Potassium iodide). It turns from colourless to brown upon reaction with a reducing agent.
