Qualitative Analysis Flashcards
How do you test for carbonate ions?
Add dilute acid. Carbon dioxide effervescence should form.
How do you test for chloride ions?
Acidify with dilute nitric acid. Add aqueous silver nitrate. White precipitate should form.
How do you test for iodide ions?
Acidify with dilute nitric acid. Add aqueous silver nitrate. Yellow precipitate should form.
How do you test for nitrate ions?
Add aqueous sodium hydroxide. Add a piece of aluminium foil and warm gently. Ammonia should be produced.
How do you test for sulfate ions?
Acidify with dilute nitric acid. Add aqueous barium nitrate. White precipitate should form.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of aluminium ions?
Soluble white precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide. Insoluble white precipitate for aqueous ammonia.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of ammonium ions?
No precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide or ammonia. Ammonia is produced upon warming when aqueous sodium hydroxide is added.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of calcium ions?
Insoluble white precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide. No precipitate for aqueous ammonia.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of copper (ii) ions?
Insoluble light blue precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide. Soluble light blue precipitate for aqueous ammonia, which turns dark blue when in excess.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of iron (ii) ions?
Insoluble green precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide and ammonia.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of iron (iii) ions?
Insoluble reddish-brown precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide and ammonia.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of lead (ii) ions?
Soluble white precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide. Insoluble white precipitate for aqueous ammonia.
What are the expected observations when testing for presence of zinc ions?
Soluble white precipitate for aqueous sodium hydroxide and ammonia.
How do you test for ammonia gas?
Damp red litmus will turn blue in the presence of ammonia.
How do you test for carbon dioxide gas?
When bubbled into limewater, white precipitate will be formed in the presence of ammonia.
