Red Meat Species Slaughter 2

Question 1

What are member states with controlled risk of BSE in cattle

Answer 1

bovine spongiform encephalopathy

England, Wales, ROI, France, Greece

Question 2

What is included in cattle specified risk material, animals ALL ages in member states with controlled risk of BSE

Answer 2

MS = England, wales, ROI, France, Greece
• tonsils
• the last four metres of small intestine
• the caecum
• Mesentery
• To do with where payres patches (tropism for prions), mesentry- lot of nervous tissue

• Skull excluding the mandible and including the brain and eyes, and spinal cord

Question 3

What is included in cattle specified risk material of animals once older than 12 months in member states with controlled risk of BSE

Answer 3

MS = England, wales, ROI, France, Greece
Tonsils, last 4 m SI, caecum, mesentery AND
• Skull excluding the mandible and including the brain and eyes, and spinal cord.

Question 4

What are member states with negligible risk of BSE

Answer 4

all member states except England, Wales, ROI, France Greec

Question 5

What is included in cattle specified risk material of animals in member states with negligible risk of BSE

Answer 5

all member states except England, Wales, ROI, France Greece

Over 12 months
• Skull excluding the mandible and including the brain and eyes, and spinal cord

Question 6

What is sheep specified risk material under 12 months?

Answer 6

NO SRM

so head in these animals is often processed for human consumption

Question 7

What governs when a sheep has specified risk material

Answer 7

1. Over 12 months OR

2. Permanent incisor eruption

Question 8

What is sheep specified risk material over 12 months or when permanent incisor eruption?

Answer 8

Skull, excluding mandible, including the brain and eyes, tonsils, spinal cord.

Not SKULL ECLUDES horns

Question 9

What organ used to be SRM

Answer 9

Spleen. No longer

Question 10

What is BSE testing like in abattoirs?

Answer 10

Occurs in every single abattoir as long as the animal is over 48 months and has had antemortem changes

So if animal with observations of accidents of physiological and functional problems not related to BSE and is over 48 months it WILL get tested.
Also emergency slaughter BSE testes adn fallen stock.

Animals with no antemortem changes no testing happens.
Not EU country must be tested if more than 30 months

Question 11

What is scrapie testing like in abattoirs?

Answer 11

ONLY occurs in sheep in participating abattoirs - not all abattoirs partake in scrapie testing.
AND occurs if clinical signs - this is passive surveillance though so only if come across, not actively looking for it in every abattoir
Must be over 12 months, 2 permanent incisors

Question 12

What is special about pig slaughter

Answer 12

Skin is part of end product so after bleeding (sticking) animal goes through scald tank

Question 13

Pig scalding process. What conditions and what deos this mean?

Answer 13

Temp - between 50-60 degrees to open hair follicles so easier to remove.
Temp means that bacterial load can be quite high, ESPECIALLY when temp drops. This is a hazard as means carcass can get high contamination.
Water has a lot of testing done to it to ensure it sin’t a source of contamination

Question 14

What testing occurs for pigs

Answer 14

Trichinella surveillance of carcass

NOT all pigs

Question 15

Once pig gone through scald tank what occurs

Why don’t we want to over scald?

Answer 15

1. Blades remove hair, then flame carcass to get left over hair
   Don’t want to overcook skin as will cause it to split and lead to contamination of underlying meat

Question 16

Which pigs does trichinella testing occur?

Answer 16

• breeding domestic swine (sows and boars)
• wild boar (any age, whether wild or farmed)
• solipeds (horses) (any age)
• all pigs that have not been reared in premises officially considered to apply controlled housing conditions

Generally non controlled pigs = outdoor so indoor pigs less likely to be tested

Question 17

Which pigs are exempt from trichinella testing?

Answer 17

• Exemption only applicable to domestic pigs: that undergo freezing treatment

Question 18

What is controlled pig housing

Answer 18

A system that does everything to try to prevent the spread of trichinella through management. Generally indoor pigs:

(a) Building construction and maintenance
(b) Pest-control programme & records
(c) Feed provider
(d) Storage of feed
(e) Management of dead animals
(f) Rubbish dump in the neighbourhood: inform & assessment of risk
(g) Animal identification
(h) Introduction of new animals from holdings officially recognised as applying controlled housing conditions;
(i) No access to outdoor facilities unless the operator can show do not pose a danger for introduction of Trichinella in the holding;
(j) None of the swine for breeding and production, has been unloaded after leaving the holding of origin at an assembly centre unless meets the requirements and all originate in and come from holdings officially recognised as applying controlled

Question 19

How do we test BSE in cattle

Answer 19

sample brain stem

Question 20

How do we test BSE in sheep and scrapie

Answer 20

Sample brain stem. Also use cerebellum to rule out scrapie

Question 21

Splitting of carcass

Answer 21

• cut must be paracentral – don’t want to cut through spinal cord as can contaminate it. NOT through dura mater
• Take spinal chord out as a whole
• Spinal chord is a specified risk material