Red Eye Flashcards
Most common cause of red eye?
Conjunctivitis
What are the three main causes of conjunctivitis?
- Viral
- Bacterial
- Allergic
Four common symptoms of conjunctivitis?
- Red eye
- Grittiness
- Discharge
- Discomfort (NOT PAIN)
Type of discharge in viral conjunctivitis?
Watery and stringy
Type of discharge in bacterial conjunctivitis?
Purulent and sticky
Type of discharge in allergic conjunctivitis?
Watery and associated with itching
Most common causative organism in viral conjunctivitis?
Adenovirus
Most common causative organism in bacterial conjunctivitis?
Staph species
Three risk factors for conjunctivitis?
- Recent illness, especially URTI
- Contact with others who have conjunctivitis
- Foreign body
Three treatments of conjunctivitis?
- Allow it to play itself out
- Topical chloramphenicol (bacterial)
- Topical antihistamines (allergic)
What are the two most common causes of corneal ulcers?
- Foreign body
2. Infection (herpes, etc.)
Four symptoms of corneal ulcer that do not affect vision?
- Red eye
- Pain (especially on blinking)
- Watering eye
- Foreign body sensation
Two symptoms of corneal ulcers that affect vision?
- Blurred vision
2. Photophobia
One sign of cornela ulcer?
Defect seen with fluorescein dye
Two treatments of small corneal ulcers?
- Allow it to resolve (occasionally with anaesthetic drops)
2. Topical antibiotics/antivirals (chloramphenicol, aciclovir, etc.)
One additional treatment of large corneal ulcers?
Patches over eye
Which three structures make up the uvea?
- Iris
- Ciliary body
- Choroid
Which age group is uveitis most common in?
29-60 yrs
Two symptoms of uveitis that do not affect vision?
- Redness (usually unilateral)
2. Pain
Four symptoms of uveitis that affect vision?
- Photophobia
- Blurred vision
- Progressive vision loss
- Floaters
Four signs of uveitis?
- Reduced visual acuity
- Abnormally shaped pupil (adhesions)
- Cells seen in aqueous humour
- Lesions in choroid
Three treatments of uveitis?
- Cyclopentolate (paralyses ciliary body)
- Topical steroids (prevents pupil adhesions)
- Underlying cause (Immunosuppressants, antibiotics, etc.)
What is ectropion?
Lower eyelid drooping away from the eye
Two symptoms of ectropion?
- Dry eyes
2. Excessive tearing
What is entropion?
Eyelid folded towards eye
Three symptoms of entropion?
- Red eye
- Foreign body sensation
- Scratchy pain
What two things can entropion lead to ?
- Corneal abrasions
2. Corneal ulcers
How are both entropion and ectropion treated?
Surgery to reset the eyelid
What is blepharitis?
Inflammation of the eyelids
Four symptoms of blepharitis?
- Painful eyelids
- Foreign body sensation
- Sticky discharge
- Dandruff flakes on eyelashes
Two signs of blepharitis?
- Telangiectasia
2. Erythema
Two treatments of blepharitis?
- Warm compress and cleaning
2. Topical Abx
