Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Flashcards
1
Q
What are Aphthous ulcers?
A
- Immunologically generated Recurring oral ulcers
- An ulcer is a break in the epithelium
- Follow a set pattern depending on ulcer type
2
Q
What is the aetiology of aphthous ulcers?
A
- Genetically driven with environmental modification
- Multifactorial environmental triggers and variable expression
3
Q
What are the main forms of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS)?
A
- Minor
- Major
- Herpetiform
- Oro- Genital ulcer syndromes e.g. Behcet’s syndrome
4
Q
What type of Aphthous ulcer does this picture show?
A
- Minor
- Yellow fibrinous ulceration surrounded by red erythematous
5
Q
What are the findings common to Minor Apthous ulcers?
A
- Yellow oval ulcerative area on mucosa
- Peri lesional Erythematous surrounding area
- Less than 10mm diameter
- Last up to 2 weeks
- Only affect non-keratinised mucosa
- Heal without scarring
- Usually have good response to topical steroids
6
Q
What is the commonest type of recurrent oral ulceration?
A
- Minor
7
Q
What type of Aphthous ulcer is this?
A
- Major
- Area of epithelial loss with fibrinous edge covering
- Peri lesional erythematous halo
8
Q
What are the findings for Major Aphthous ulcers?
A
- Can last for months
- Can affect any part of oral mucosa i.e. keratinised or non keratinised
- May scar when healing
- Poorly responsive to topical steroids (intralesional steroids more useful)
- Usually larger than 10mm
9
Q
What are the common findings of Herpetiform Aphthae?
A
- Rarest form of Aphthous ulcers
- Multiple small ulcers on non-keratinised mucosa
- Heal within 2 weeks
- Can coalesce into larger areas of ulceration
- Nothing to do with Herpes virus
10
Q
What is the difference between HSV and Herpetiform Aphthae?
A
- HSV involves keratinised epithelium , herpetiform aphthae does not
- HSV usually not recurrent
11
Q
What can Herpetiform recurrent aphthae ulcers be confused with in early stages?
A
- In early stages herpetiform aphthae can look like primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
12
Q
What does this show?
A
- Herpetiform Recurrent Aphthous stomatitis
13
Q
What does this show?
A
- Herpetiform Recurrent Aphthous stomatitis
14
Q
What does this show?
A
- Herpetiform Recurrent Aphthous stomatitis
15
Q
What are the classical findings of Behcets disease?
A
- 3 episodes of mouth ulcers in a year
- At least two of the following, genital sores, eye inflammation, skin ulcers, pathergy