Rectum Flashcards
Descends along the sacrococcygeal concavity
Rectum
Fixed terminal part of the large intestine
Rectum
Part of the colon that has
- no sacculation
- no appendices epiplocae
- no mesentery
- no taenia coli
Rectum
In males, it is the part of the rectum that is related anteriorly to the urinary bladder
Upper third
In females, the upper third of the rectum is related anteriorly to
Cervix and body of the uterus
Part of the rectum covered by peritoneum in its anterior aspect
Middle third
In males, the peritoneum covering the rectum is folded onto the urinary bladder to form
Recto vesical pouch
On the posterior vaginal wall in females, the peritoneum of the rectum folds to form
Recto uterine pouch
Semilunar transverse or horizontal folds in the rectum is called
Valves of houston
- 2 on L: superior, inferior
- 1 on R: middle
Valve of houston that occasionally encircles the rectal lumen
Superior fold
Largest and most constant valve of houston that is found immediately above the rectal ampulla
Middle fold
From the embryological hindgut that is enclosed by the mesorectal fascia
Mesorectum
Mesorectal fascia continues with a denser condensation of fascia anteriorly called
Males: rectovesical fascia of Denonvillier
Females: fascia of rectovaginal septum
Mesorectum contains what structures?
Superior rectal a & branches
Superior rectal v & tributaries
Lymph vessels and nodes along SRA
Branches from IMPlexus
Arterial supply to the upper 2/3 of the rectum
Superior Rectal Artery
Superior rectal artery is a continuation of
IMA
Superior rectal a divides into 2 branches at what level of the spinal cord
S3
Provides arterial supply to the muscle of the mid and lower rectum
Middle rectal arteries
Middle rectal a arise from
Ante division of internal iliac a
Terminal branches of the internal pudendal a
Inferior rectal a
Supplies the internal and external anal sphincters, anal canal below its valves, and perianal skin
Inferior rectal a
Inferior rectal a is a branch of
Internal pudendal a
Anastomose with the terminal branch of the superior rectal a
Ascending branches of inferior rectal a
Venous drainage of the rectum
Rectal venous plexus
Rectal venous plexus connects anteriorly with what plexuses?
Male: vesical plexus
Female: utero-vaginal plexus
Rectal venous plexus drains to
Superior rectal v
External part of the rectum: inferior portion is drained by
Inferior rectal vein
External part of the rectum: middle portion is drained by
Middle rectal v
External part of the rectum: superior part is drained by
Superior rectal v
Inferior rectal v drains to
Internal pudendal v
Middle rectal v is a drains to
Internal iliac v - anterior division
Superior rectal v drains to
IMV
T or F: There is a communication between portal and systemic venous systems
True
Superior rectal veins are formed from the
Internal rectal plexus
Lymph drainage of the rectum and upper anal canal above dentate line drains into
Epirectal nodes in mesorectum
