Peritoneum Flashcards
Glistening, slippery, transparent serous membrae that lines the abdominal pelvic cavity and invests the viscera
Peritoneum
Two layersof peritoneum
Visceral and parietal
Both layers contains a layer of simple squamous cells known as what?
Mesothelium
Peritoneum that lines the internal wall of abdominal and pelvic cavities
Parietal
Peritoneum that is sensitive to pain, pressure heat, cold, and laceration
Parietal
Pain in parietal peritoneum is generally localized except where? And why?
Inferior surface of the central diaphragm - supplied by the phrenic nerve
Irritation in the inferior surface of the diaphragm is referred to what dermatome levels?
C3-C5 dermatome levels over the shoulder
Peritoneum that invests the organs
Visceral
Pain in the visceral peritoneum is poorly localized and is referred to what dermatome levels
Dermatomes of spinal ganglia (sensory)
Peritoneum that is stimulated by stretching and chemical irritation
Visceral
Infection and inflammation of the peritoneum due to trauma or rupture of the gut
Peritonitis
Where is the peritoneum and viscera located
Abdominal cavity
When an organ is almost totally covered with visceral peritoneum?? Give examples.
Intraperitoneal - stomach, spleen
Organs that lie behind the peritoneum and is partially covered with visceral peritoneum
Retroperitoneal - kidneys
Cavity that lies within abdominal cavity and continues inferiorly into the pelvic cavity
Peritoneal cavity
Potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
Peritoneal cavity
Does the peritoneal cavity contains organs?
No. But it contains peritoneal fluid
Why are females more prone to infection in their peritoneal cavity than males?
Peritoneal cavity is completely closed in males. In females, it has communication with uterine tubes, uterine cavity and vagina.
Lubricates the peritoneal surface and allows viscera to move over each other and the movements of digestion
Peritoneal fluid
Extends from the diaphragm down to the pelvis
Greater sac
Permits free movement of the stomach and lies posterior to it
Lesser sac or Omental bursa
Allows communication between the greater and lesser sac
Epiploic/Omental foramen or Foramen of Winslow
Divides the abdominal cavity into supracolic and infracolic compartment
Transverse mesocolon
Supracolic compartment contains what organs?
Stomach, liver, spleen
Infracolic compartment contains what organs
Small intestines, ascending and descending colon
Infracolic compartment is divided into right and left spaces by what?
Mesentery of the small intestine
Grooves between the lateral aspect of the ascending or descending colon and the posteroabdominal wall
Paracolic gutters
Two-layered fold of peritoneum connecting parts of the intestines to posterior abdominal wall
Mesentery
Allows neurovascular communication between the organ and body wall
Mesentery
Give the different mesenteries
Mesentery of small intestine Transverse mesocolon Sigmoid mesocolon Mesoappendix Mesogastrium Mesoesophagus
Two-layered folds of peritoneum that connects the stomach to other abdominal organs
Omenta
Connects the greater curvature of the stomach to transverse mesoclon and hangs down like an apron
Greater omentum
Cushions the abdominal organs against injury and forms insulation against the loss of body heat
Greater omentum
Connects the lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to the liver
Lesser omentum
Areas not covered of peritoneum to allow entrance and exit of neurovascular structures
Bare areas
Double layer of peritoneum that connects an organ with another organ or to the abdominal wall
Peritoneal ligaments
Connects stomach to spleen
Gastrosplenic
Connects stomach to inferior surface of diaphragm
Gastrophenic
Connects stomach to transverse colon
Gastrocolic
Connects liver to anterior abdominal wall
Falciform
Connects liver to stomach
Hepatogastric
Connects liver to duodenum
Hepatoduodenal
Membranous part of the lesser omentum
Hepatogastric
Thickened free edge of the lesser omentum
Hepatoduodenal
Reflection of peritoneum that is raised from the body wall by underlying blood vessels, ducts, and ligaments
Peritoneal fold
Pouch of peritoneum formed by peritoneal fold
Peritoneal recess
Fat-filled appendages of peritoneum on various parts of the colon.
Appendices epiplocae
