Rectal and anal disorders Flashcards

1
Q

An anal fissure is a

A
  • tear or ulcer in the lining of the anal canal. Symptoms include bleeding and pain on defecation.
  • Bulk-forming laxatives can be used to ensure stools are soft and easily passed. An alternative is Osmotic laxatives e.g. Lactulose.
  • For the pain relief, lidocaine (anaesthetic) or an analgesic (paracetamol/ibuprofen) may be considered.
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2
Q

Haemorrhoids are

A
  • abnormal swellings around the anus. Women are more likely to develop haemorrhoids during pregnancy.
     Stools should be kept soft and easy to pass (to minimise straining) by dietary fibre and fluid intake.
     If constipation is reported it should be treated using a Bulk-forming laxative. A simple analgesic e.g. Paracetamol can be used for pain relief. Avoid Opioid analgesics due to constipation and NSAIDs if rectal bleeding.
     Topical Preparations generally contain a local anaesthetic and corticosteroid e.g. Anusol HC.
    Bulk-forming laxatives can be used in pregnancy, but Topical preparations cannot be used in pregnancy
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3
Q

Chronic anal fissure treatment

A

> 6 weeks - glyceryl trinate rectal ointment (SE headache)

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