Rectal and anal disorders Flashcards
1
Q
An anal fissure is a
A
- tear or ulcer in the lining of the anal canal. Symptoms include bleeding and pain on defecation.
- Bulk-forming laxatives can be used to ensure stools are soft and easily passed. An alternative is Osmotic laxatives e.g. Lactulose.
- For the pain relief, lidocaine (anaesthetic) or an analgesic (paracetamol/ibuprofen) may be considered.
2
Q
Haemorrhoids are
A
- abnormal swellings around the anus. Women are more likely to develop haemorrhoids during pregnancy.
Stools should be kept soft and easy to pass (to minimise straining) by dietary fibre and fluid intake.
If constipation is reported it should be treated using a Bulk-forming laxative. A simple analgesic e.g. Paracetamol can be used for pain relief. Avoid Opioid analgesics due to constipation and NSAIDs if rectal bleeding.
Topical Preparations generally contain a local anaesthetic and corticosteroid e.g. Anusol HC.
Bulk-forming laxatives can be used in pregnancy, but Topical preparations cannot be used in pregnancy
3
Q
Chronic anal fissure treatment
A
> 6 weeks - glyceryl trinate rectal ointment (SE headache)