Recovery

Question 1

O2 deficit

Answer 1

O2 deficit is the volume of O2 that would have been used if it were available.

Question 2

What is steady state

Answer 2

Steady state is when oxygen supply meets oxygen demand.

Question 3

EPOC function

Answer 3

EPOC is to repay oxygen debt and remove lactic acid. Volume of o2 consumed is over and above resting levels.

Question 4

What is the Bohr shift

Answer 4

Bohr shift is a move in oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve to right caused by increased acidity in bloodstream

Question 5

Explain oxygen association with haemoglobin

Answer 5

Gases compete to sit on haemoglobin. When there is no o2, it takes time to associate however, when one molecule of o2 joins, the others join quicker. Co operativity

Question 6

Name 2 factors that change during exercise

Answer 6

ATP stores decrease as ATP is broken down to be used for energy and to reverse this, more ATP is synthesised.
Myoglobin 02 stores decrease as the 02 is used in aerobic respiration and this is reversed via restoration.

Question 7

Oxygen debt

Answer 7

Oxygen debt is volume of 02required post exercise to return body to its pre exercise state

Question 8

What is EPOC

Answer 8

EPOC is volume of 02 consumption required to restore body back pre exercise state

Question 9

What does EPOC affect

Answer 9

EPOC affects:
EPOC restores PC and removes lactic acid
Elevated hormone levels
Elevated body temperature, HR and breathing rate

Question 10

What is the lactacid stage

Answer 10

Lactacid stage is second stage and slow (1-24h) and requires 5-8L of 02. Breaks down lactic acid into lactate and hydrogen ions.

Question 11

How is lactic acid broken down in lactacid stage

Answer 11

Lactic acid is converted into pyruvic acid in the liver
Converted into glucose (cori cycle)
Converted into protein and can be sweated or urinated
Can be stored as glycogen

Question 12

How does lactic acid affect ventilation and circulation

Answer 12

Heart and breathing rate rise significantly to provide muscle cells with 02
Decreases gradually
This maximises 02 delivery and removal of CO2
Accounts for 1-2% of EPOC

Question 13

Myoglobin

Answer 13

Myoglobin is storage point of 02 in muscle that helps deliver 02 to mitochondria for aerobic respiration

Question 14

How can knowledge of EPOC benefit an athlete when planning training

Answer 14

Knowledge of EPOC can benefit athlete when planning training by:
EPOC restores PC
Warm up delays OBLA
cool down speeds up removal of lactic acid
Reduce EPOC by monitoring training intensity to delay OBLA
Active recovery between intervals

Question 15

What does warm up do

Answer 15

Warm up does:
Increase blood flow
Vascular shunt to increase blood flow to muscle
Increase enzyme activity
Increase elasticity of muscles to reduce DOMS