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GCSE History > Reconstruction After The Civil War > Flashcards

Reconstruction After The Civil War Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the 13th Amendment passed?

A

1865

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2
Q

What did the 13th Amendment do?

A

Made slavery illegal

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3
Q

when was Lincoln assassinated? (Month and year)

A

April 1865

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4
Q

Who was made president after Lincoln?

A

Andrew Johnson

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5
Q

What date did the south surrender to the North (end of the Civil War)?

A

9 May 1865

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6
Q

What years were the black codes?

A

1865-6

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7
Q

How many states passed Black Codes?

A

7

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8
Q

What did the Black Codes of 1865-6 do?

A

Restricted African-Americans from certain rights

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9
Q

What Amendment was also known as the Civil Rights Act?

A

14th

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10
Q

When was the 14th Amendment passed?

A

1866

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11
Q

What did the 14th Amendment do?

A

Made ex-slaves citizens of the USA

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12
Q

When did the KKK start? And where?

A

1866 in Tennessee

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13
Q

When were the Reconstruction Acts?

A

1867

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14
Q

What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 do?

A

Aimed at reorganising the south to rejoin the USA

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15
Q

When was President Johnson attempted at being impeached?

A

1868

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16
Q

When was Ulysses Grant elected as president?

A

1869

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17
Q

When was the Railroad finished?

A

1869

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18
Q

When was the 15th Amendment passed?

A

1869-70

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19
Q

What did the 15th Amendment do?

A

Made it illegal to restrict voting rights based on race

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20
Q

By 1870, what had happened?

A

All southern states had been re-admitted to the Union

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21
Q

What did the Enforcement Acts of 1870-1 do?

A

Passed to protect African American rights (including prosecuting the KKK)

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22
Q

What happened in 1871 (buffalo)?

A

Demand and price for buffalo hides shot up which led to increased hunting

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23
Q

Timber Culture Act year

A

1873

24
Q

What did the Timber Culture Act of 1873 do?

A

Gave settlers an extra 160 free acres if they plant trees

25
Q

1874 inventions

A

Daniel Halliday invented windmills
Joseph Glidden invented barbed wire

26
Q

When was gold found in the Black Hill (Great Sioux Reservation)?

A

1874

27
Q

When was the southern buffalo herd finally destroyed

A

1875

28
Q

When was the Battle of Little Big Horn?

A

June 25th, 1876

29
Q

By 1877, what had happened?

A

The democrats regained power in all Southern states, ending the reconstruction period

30
Q

When was the Desert Land Act, and what did it do?

A

1877 - gave settlers the right to buy 640 acres of dry land cheaply

31
Q

What was the main year for exodusters and where did they go?

A

1879 - mass movement of poor ex slaves west to Kansas

32
Q

When was the Northern buffalo herd destroyed fully?

A

1883

33
Q

When were the Northern and Southern buffalo herds destroyed?

A

South - 1875
North - 1883

34
Q

When was the Dawes General Allotment Act?

A

1887

35
Q

When was the Ghost Dance movement?

A

1889

36
Q

When was the Oklahoma Land Rush?

A

1889

37
Q

When was Sitting Bull killed?

A

December 15th, 1890

38
Q

When was the battle of wounded knee?

A

December 29th, 1890

39
Q

Who declared the Permanent Indian Frontier closed?

A

US Census Bureau

40
Q

What fraction of states must agree to pass an amendment?

A

3/4

41
Q

Black Codes

A

Under these laws, slaves could marry, own property, make legal contracts and testify in court. But, they were not equal because: racial intermarriage, jury service and testifying against white people was banned.

42
Q

14th Amendment wording

A

“All persons born or naturalised in the US […] are citizens of the US and the state they live in”

43
Q

What were Jim Crow Laws?

A

Loopholes in the laws that Congress passed. E.g. property requirements, literacy tests etc.

44
Q

How many slaves did the 13th Amendment free?

A

3-5 million

45
Q

Who was in charge of Southern states during Reconstruction?

A

Military governors until new state governments could be set up and then re-join the union.

46
Q

Who was pardoned?

A

Southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the USA and have their property returned (except slaves).

47
Q

How many pardons did Andrew Johnson award?

A

Over 13,000

48
Q

What did the 1867 Reconstruction Act do?

A

Divided the south into 5 military districts each run by a general

49
Q

Why did Congress try to impeach Johnson?

A

He was worried that the south would not accept the 14th Amendment so he vetoed it.

50
Q

When was the first black senator elected and who was it?

A

Hiram Revels of Mississippi in 1872

51
Q

What did freed slaves that remained in the South turn to?

A

Share cropping - landowners provided land, housing, tools, seeds and at harvest time the cropper received a share of the crop. Although the share cropper was free, most of them spent their life in debt to the landowners (former slave owners).

52
Q

Carpet baggers

A

Northerners who moved south to take advantage of the South - came to fill their bags with southern riches

53
Q

Scallywags

A

Wealthy white Republicans who gained power over poorer farmers. They abused their roles in government to make money for themselves

54
Q

Schools in reconstruction

A

600,000 black students by 1877

55
Q

Why were Republicans losing popularity by 1877?

A
  1. Democrats were gaining support
  2. Vote rigging - corruption
  3. Washington too focused on westward expansion and the indian wars
  4. Growth of the KKK
56
Q

When was the KKK’s power broken

A

1871

GCSE History (4 decks)

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