Receptors

Question 1

<p>TLR1</p>

Answer 1

<p>Mycobacteria (lipoarabinomannan)</p>

<p>Lipoprotein</p>

<p>Peptidoglycan (G+)</p>

<p>LPS (Leptospira, porphyromonas)</p>

<ul> <li>functions in combination with TLR2</li></ul>

Question 2

<p>TLR2</p>

Answer 2

<p><strong>Mycobacteria (lipoarabinomannan)</strong></p>

<p>Lipoprotein</p>

<p>Peptidoglycan (G+)</p>

<p>LPS (Leptospira, porphyromonas)</p>

<ul> <li>recognises a wide range of structurally unrelated ligands</li> <li>functions in combination with several other TLRs <ul> <li>TLR1</li> <li>TLR6</li> </ul> </li></ul>

Question 3

<p>TLR3</p>

Answer 3

<p>dsRNA</p>

Question 4

<p>TLR4</p>

Answer 4

<p>LPS (G-)</p>

<ul> <li>aided by 2 accessory proteins <ul> <li>CD14</li> <li>MD-2</li> </ul> </li></ul>

Question 5

<p>TLR5</p>

Answer 5

<p>Flagellin</p>

Question 6

<p>TLR6</p>

Answer 6

<p>Mycobacteria (lipoarabinomannan)</p>

<p>Lipoprotein</p>

<p>Peptidoglycan (G+)</p>

<p>LPS (Leptospira, porphyromonas)</p>

<ul> <li>functions in combination with TLR2</li></ul>

Question 7

<p>TLR7</p>

Answer 7

<p>ssRNA</p>

<ul> <li>especially GU-rich regions</li> <li>ssRNA viruses include HIV and HCV</li></ul>

Question 8

<p>TLR8</p>

Answer 8

<p>ssRNA</p>

<ul> <li>GU-rich ssRNA</li> <li>G-rich oligonucleotides</li></ul>

Question 9

<p>TLR9</p>

Answer 9

<p>unmethylated CpG oligonucleotides</p>

<ul> <li>abundant in G+ bacteria</li></ul>

Question 10

<p>CD19</p>

Answer 10

<ul> <li>part of BC co-receptor complex (CD19/CD21/CD81)</li> <li>2 major functions <ul> <li>recruits cytoplasmic signalling proteins to membrane</li> <li>2-4x decrease in activation threshold for BCR signalling pathway (enhances sIg signal)</li> </ul> </li> <li>CD21 binds complement fragment C3d on Ag surface <ul> <li>drives CD19 signalling</li> </ul> </li> <li>CD19 present on all BCs (except plasma cells + follicular dendritic cells) <ul> <li>biomarker for BC development</li> <li>can be used as target for leukemia immunotherapies WITHOUT depleting plasma cell population and memory humoral protection</li> </ul> </li></ul>

Question 11

<p>RLR</p>

Answer 11

<p><strong>RIG-I-like receptors(retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors) </strong></p>

<ul> <li>intracellularPRR <ul> <li>recognisesvirusesby theinnate immune system</li> <li>sensors ofviral replicationwithin cytoplasmof human cells</li> </ul> </li> <li>three subtypes <ul> <li>RIG-I</li> <li>MDA5</li> <li>LGP2</li> </ul> </li></ul>

Question 12

<p>Type I IFN receptor</p>

Answer 12

<ul> <li>2 subunits <ul> <li>IFNAR1</li> <li>IFNAR2</li> </ul> </li> <li>uses JAK-1 and Tyk-2 to transduce signal</li></ul>