Receptor Kinetics & Cell Signaling

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

The effect of a drug on the body (as it binds to its target).

Question 2

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

The availability of a drug within the body. (How a drug is carried/metabolized in body)

Question 3

Main types of Receptors (4)

Answer 3

1. Ligand-gated (ion channels; ionotropic receptors)
2. Intracellular Receptors
3. G-protein coupled Receptors
4. Enzyme-linked receptors

Question 4

A low Kd indicates…

A low Ka indicates…

Answer 4

…A high binding affinity

…A low binding affinity

Question 5

Equation for Kd

Answer 5

[L] [R] / [LR]

Units: molar

Question 6

Efficacy vs Effectiveness

Answer 6

How well the drugs works (regardless of patient) vs. How easy is it for a patient to use the drug?

Question 7

GPCR Pathway (G-alpha)

Answer 7

Adenylyl Cyclase (AC) > (ATP>cAMP) .> PKA >further regulation

Question 8

(GPCR) Phosphodiesterase function

Answer 8

Inhibitor. Converts cAMP to AMP

Question 9

RTK Signaling Pathway

Answer 9

Enzymes Dimerize > Autophosphorylation of Tyr > PI3 Kinase (PIP 2>3) > PDK1 > AKT

Question 10

Examples of RTK Receptors

Answer 10

EGF (Endothelial Growth Factor) & Insulin receptors