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Recap Immune And Hemato Flashcards

1
Q

Clopidrogrel MOA

A

Antiplatelet
Inhibit ADP binding to P2Y12 receptor

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2
Q

AAS MOA

A

Inhibit COX = less PG = less inflammation
Also blocks COX1 in platelets = less activation

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3
Q

Abciximab MOA

A

GP IIb/IIIa antagonist
No binding of fibrinogen or vWF

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4
Q

Tirofiban MOA

A

GP IIB/IIIa inhibitor (reversible)
Prevent fibrinogen binding

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5
Q

Alteplase MOA

A

Converts plasminogen to plasmin
—> lyses fibrin to fibrinogen

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6
Q

Streptokinase MOA

A

Produces activator complex: plasminogen —> plasmin

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7
Q

Tenecteplase MOA

A

Tissue plasminogen activator t-PA
Binds to fibrin clots —> cleaves Arg/Val bond = plasminogen—> plasmin

Thrombolytic

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8
Q

Nadroparin MOA

A

Binds to anti-thrombin III (ATIII) —> inhibition Xa

Antithrombotic

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9
Q

Warfarin MOA

A

Inhibits vit K ERC1 = no activation of vit K

Reduce clotting factors

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10
Q

Phytonadione MOA

A

Vitamin K
Cofactor to gamma glutamyl-carboxylase
= activation of factors: II, VII, IX, X

Procoagulant

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11
Q

Heparin MOA

A

Binds to antithrombin AT —> inactivates coag. factors

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12
Q

Enoxaparin MOA

A

Binds to anti-thrombin III (ATIII) = complex

= irreversible Xa inactivation

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13
Q

Acenocoumarol MOA

A

Inhibit vit K reduction = no carboxylation of coag.factors II, VII, IX, X

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14
Q

Folic acid MOA

A

Stimulate RBC, WBC, platelet production

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15
Q

Hydroxocobalamin MOA

A

DNA synthesis

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16
Q

Iron dextran MOA

A

Replenish iron stores

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17
Q

Famotidine MOA

A

H2 antagonist

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18
Q

Ranitidine MOA

A

H2 antagonist

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19
Q

Cyproheptadine MOA

A

H2 antagonist
5-HT antagonist

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20
Q

Cinnarizine MOA

A

Block Ca channels
Inhibit smooth muscle contraction

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21
Q

Misoprostol MOA

A

PGE1 analog —> PGE1R on parietal cells —> inhibit gastric acid secretion

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22
Q

Sucralfate MOA

A

Binds to + charged proteins in exudates —> protective coat in gastric mucosa

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23
Q

Metoclopramide MOA

A

D2 antagonist
Decrease LES pressure = more gastric emptying
More duodenal and jejunal motility

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24
Q

Domperidone MOA

A

D2 antagonist
Gastric muscle contraction —> prokinetic

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25
Ondansetron MOA
Block 5-HT receptors in area postrema Reduce vagus activity —> vomit center in medulla oblongata
26
Scopalamine butylbromide
Muscarinic receptor antagonist For motion sickness
27
Aprepitant MOA
Substance P/ NK 1 receptor antagonist —> solitary nucleus and area postrema for CINV prophylaxis
28
Cinitapride MOA
5-HT agonist —> prokinetic and antiulcer
29
Mg Hydroxide MOA
React with HCl in stomach = neutralize
30
Pinaverium Bromide MOA
Block Ca channel Inhibit GI smooth muscle contraction
31
Castor oil MOA
Anionic surfactant = less fluid absorption Increase peristalsis
32
Butilhyoscine MOA
Block muscarinic receptors in GI and nicotinic Spasmolytic for cramping
33
Cholestyramine MOA
Bile acid sequestrant —> feces excretion Block cholesterol absorption
34
Sodium phosphate and citrate MOA
Increase fecal water content for more motility
35
Glycerin MOA
Draw water into intestine (hyperosmotic laxatives)
36
Loperamide MOA
Bind to opiate receptor —> inhibit Ach and PG release —> reduce peristalsis —> increase anal sphincter tone
37
Mesalazine MOA
Inhibit PG synthesis (COX) and interfere with leukotriene synthesis (lipooxygenase) —> dampen inflammation
38
Octreotide MOA
Binds to somatostatin receptors - agonist —> smooth muscle contraction in vessels And less growth hormone (acromegaly, varices)
39
Pentoxifylline MOA
Increase erythrocyte ATP —> more RBC flexibility Reduce plasma fibrinogen and platelet aggregation Inhibit neutrophil activation
40
Plantago Psyllium MOA
Insoluble fiber, traps water in intestine
41
Bismuth MOA
Interacts with HCl and other anions to form bismuth salts —> bactericidial and antimicrobial activity = healing
42
Sibutramine MOA
Inhibit NE and 5-HT reuptake Weight reduction
43
Dronabinol MOA
THC that binds to CB1 and CB2 —> increased appetite, reduce pain
44
Phentermine MOA
Increase in leptin and other mechanisms = appetite suppression
45
Rimonabant MOA
Selective CB1 blocker Anti-obesity drug
46
Sennosides MOA
Metabolized by gut bacteria —> increase COX2 —> increase PGE2 —> less aquaporin 3 —> less reabsorption = laxative
47
Tacrolimus MOA
Binds FK506-FKBP —> calcineurin inhibitor = IL-2 downregulate
48
Sirolimus MOA
Binds to FKBP12 —> block mTOR —> stop between G1 and S
49
Cyclosporine MOA
Binds to cyclophilin —> calcineurin inhibitor = IL-2 downregulation
50
Methotrexate MOA
Inhibit dihydrofolate reductase = folate antagonism = less cell proliferation Spermine inhibition Adenosine release
51
Azathioprine MOA
Prodrug, purine analog Inhibit purine synthesis = immunosuppression
52
Mycophenolate mofetil MOA
Prodrug, MPA inhibits IMPOH Inhibit guanine synthesis = immunosuppression
53
Glucocorticoid MOA
Inhibit NF-kB Inhibit cytokines, chemokines, AA metabolites, adhesion molecule
54
Glatiramer MOA
Induce peripheral Th2 to cross BBB = CNS inflammation reduction
55
Elapegdemasa MOA
Supplement adenosine deaminase = more lymphocytes (SCID treatment)
56
Perixafor MOA
CXCR4 antagonist = less binding of HSC to bone marrow = mobilize progenitor cells
57
Trilaciclib MOA
CDK4/6 inhibition (kinase) = pause cell cycle = prevent chemotherapy induces DNA damage
58
Pegademase MOA
Deaminates adenosine (toxic) —> inosine Deficient adenosine deaminase replacement (SCID treatment)
59
Allopurinol MOA
Inhibit xanthine oxidase —> less uric acid
60
Colchicine MOA
Binds to tubulin —> binds to microtubules —> stop elongation —> less monocyte and neutrophils —> less IL-1 = anti-mitotic and anti-inflammatory (For gout flares)
61
Diclofenac MOA
COX1 and 2 inhibitor Potent
62
Ketoprofen MOA
COX inhibitor
63
Meloxicam MOA
COX inhibitor
64
Methocarbamol MOA
Inhibit acetylcholinesterase —> CNS depression (Acute muscle or bone pain)
65
Naproxen
COX inhibitor (For CV history)
66
Piroxicam MOA
COX inhibitor
67
Sulindac MOA
COX inhibitor
68
Acemetacin MOA
COX inhibitor
69
Celecoxib MOA
COX 2 inhibitor (For GI risk)
70
Acetaminophen MOA
COX inhibitor only in central tissues Target heat-regulating centers in the brain
71
Natalizumab MOA
Binds to alpha 4 subunit of integrins = prevent immune cell migration (Crohn’s and MS)
72
Zolmitriptan MOA
5-HT agonist —> vasoconstriction and block pain signals
73
Rizatriptan MOA
5-HT agonist —> vasoconstriction —> block pain
74
Perphenazine MOA
Block D2 receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone —> prevent dopamine excess —> reduce psychotic symptoms (halucinations)

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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