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Recap Immune And Hemato Flashcards

1
Q

Clopidrogrel MOA

A

Antiplatelet
Inhibit ADP binding to P2Y12 receptor

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2
Q

AAS MOA

A

Inhibit COX = less PG = less inflammation
Also blocks COX1 in platelets = less activation

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3
Q

Abciximab MOA

A

GP IIb/IIIa antagonist
No binding of fibrinogen or vWF

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4
Q

Tirofiban MOA

A

GP IIB/IIIa inhibitor (reversible)
Prevent fibrinogen binding

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5
Q

Alteplase MOA

A

Converts plasminogen to plasmin
—> lyses fibrin to fibrinogen

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6
Q

Streptokinase MOA

A

Produces activator complex: plasminogen —> plasmin

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7
Q

Tenecteplase MOA

A

Tissue plasminogen activator t-PA
Binds to fibrin clots —> cleaves Arg/Val bond = plasminogen—> plasmin

Thrombolytic

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8
Q

Nadroparin MOA

A

Binds to anti-thrombin III (ATIII) —> inhibition Xa

Antithrombotic

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9
Q

Warfarin MOA

A

Inhibits vit K ERC1 = no activation of vit K

Reduce clotting factors

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10
Q

Phytonadione MOA

A

Vitamin K
Cofactor to gamma glutamyl-carboxylase
= activation of factors: II, VII, IX, X

Procoagulant

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11
Q

Heparin MOA

A

Binds to antithrombin AT —> inactivates coag. factors

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12
Q

Enoxaparin MOA

A

Binds to anti-thrombin III (ATIII) = complex

= irreversible Xa inactivation

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13
Q

Acenocoumarol MOA

A

Inhibit vit K reduction = no carboxylation of coag.factors II, VII, IX, X

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14
Q

Folic acid MOA

A

Stimulate RBC, WBC, platelet production

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15
Q

Hydroxocobalamin MOA

A

DNA synthesis

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16
Q

Iron dextran MOA

A

Replenish iron stores

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17
Q

Famotidine MOA

A

H2 antagonist

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18
Q

Ranitidine MOA

A

H2 antagonist

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19
Q

Cyproheptadine MOA

A

H2 antagonist
5-HT antagonist

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20
Q

Cinnarizine MOA

A

Block Ca channels
Inhibit smooth muscle contraction

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21
Q

Misoprostol MOA

A

PGE1 analog —> PGE1R on parietal cells —> inhibit gastric acid secretion

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22
Q

Sucralfate MOA

A

Binds to + charged proteins in exudates —> protective coat in gastric mucosa

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23
Q

Metoclopramide MOA

A

D2 antagonist
Decrease LES pressure = more gastric emptying
More duodenal and jejunal motility

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24
Q

Domperidone MOA

A

D2 antagonist
Gastric muscle contraction —> prokinetic

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25
Q

Ondansetron MOA

A

Block 5-HT receptors in area postrema

Reduce vagus activity —> vomit center in medulla oblongata

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26
Q

Scopalamine butylbromide

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

For motion sickness

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27
Q

Aprepitant MOA

A

Substance P/ NK 1 receptor antagonist —> solitary nucleus and area postrema for CINV prophylaxis

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28
Q

Cinitapride MOA

A

5-HT agonist —> prokinetic and antiulcer

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29
Q

Mg Hydroxide MOA

A

React with HCl in stomach = neutralize

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30
Q

Pinaverium Bromide MOA

A

Block Ca channel
Inhibit GI smooth muscle contraction

31
Q

Castor oil MOA

A

Anionic surfactant = less fluid absorption

Increase peristalsis

32
Q

Butilhyoscine MOA

A

Block muscarinic receptors in GI and nicotinic

Spasmolytic for cramping

33
Q

Cholestyramine MOA

A

Bile acid sequestrant —> feces excretion

Block cholesterol absorption

34
Q

Sodium phosphate and citrate MOA

A

Increase fecal water content for more motility

35
Q

Glycerin MOA

A

Draw water into intestine (hyperosmotic laxatives)

36
Q

Loperamide MOA

A

Bind to opiate receptor —> inhibit Ach and PG release
—> reduce peristalsis
—> increase anal sphincter tone

37
Q

Mesalazine MOA

A

Inhibit PG synthesis (COX) and interfere with leukotriene synthesis (lipooxygenase)
—> dampen inflammation

38
Q

Octreotide MOA

A

Binds to somatostatin receptors - agonist
—> smooth muscle contraction in vessels
And less growth hormone (acromegaly, varices)

39
Q

Pentoxifylline MOA

A

Increase erythrocyte ATP —> more RBC flexibility

Reduce plasma fibrinogen and platelet aggregation

Inhibit neutrophil activation

40
Q

Plantago Psyllium MOA

A

Insoluble fiber, traps water in intestine

41
Q

Bismuth MOA

A

Interacts with HCl and other anions to form bismuth salts
—> bactericidial and antimicrobial activity
= healing

42
Q

Sibutramine MOA

A

Inhibit NE and 5-HT reuptake

Weight reduction

43
Q

Dronabinol MOA

A

THC that binds to CB1 and CB2

—> increased appetite, reduce pain

44
Q

Phentermine MOA

A

Increase in leptin and other mechanisms = appetite suppression

45
Q

Rimonabant MOA

A

Selective CB1 blocker

Anti-obesity drug

46
Q

Sennosides MOA

A

Metabolized by gut bacteria —> increase COX2
—> increase PGE2 —> less aquaporin 3 —> less reabsorption

= laxative

47
Q

Tacrolimus MOA

A

Binds FK506-FKBP —> calcineurin inhibitor
= IL-2 downregulate

48
Q

Sirolimus MOA

A

Binds to FKBP12 —> block mTOR —> stop between G1 and S

49
Q

Cyclosporine MOA

A

Binds to cyclophilin —> calcineurin inhibitor

= IL-2 downregulation

50
Q

Methotrexate MOA

A

Inhibit dihydrofolate reductase = folate antagonism
= less cell proliferation

Spermine inhibition
Adenosine release

51
Q

Azathioprine MOA

A

Prodrug, purine analog
Inhibit purine synthesis = immunosuppression

52
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil MOA

A

Prodrug, MPA inhibits IMPOH
Inhibit guanine synthesis = immunosuppression

53
Q

Glucocorticoid MOA

A

Inhibit NF-kB
Inhibit cytokines, chemokines, AA metabolites, adhesion molecule

54
Q

Glatiramer MOA

A

Induce peripheral Th2 to cross BBB
= CNS inflammation reduction

55
Q

Elapegdemasa MOA

A

Supplement adenosine deaminase = more lymphocytes
(SCID treatment)

56
Q

Perixafor MOA

A

CXCR4 antagonist = less binding of HSC to bone marrow
= mobilize progenitor cells

57
Q

Trilaciclib MOA

A

CDK4/6 inhibition (kinase) = pause cell cycle
= prevent chemotherapy induces DNA damage

58
Q

Pegademase MOA

A

Deaminates adenosine (toxic) —> inosine
Deficient adenosine deaminase replacement
(SCID treatment)

59
Q

Allopurinol MOA

A

Inhibit xanthine oxidase —> less uric acid

60
Q

Colchicine MOA

A

Binds to tubulin —> binds to microtubules —> stop elongation —> less monocyte and neutrophils —> less IL-1
= anti-mitotic and anti-inflammatory

(For gout flares)

61
Q

Diclofenac MOA

A

COX1 and 2 inhibitor
Potent

62
Q

Ketoprofen MOA

A

COX inhibitor

63
Q

Meloxicam MOA

A

COX inhibitor

64
Q

Methocarbamol MOA

A

Inhibit acetylcholinesterase —> CNS depression
(Acute muscle or bone pain)

65
Q

Naproxen

A

COX inhibitor
(For CV history)

66
Q

Piroxicam MOA

A

COX inhibitor

67
Q

Sulindac MOA

A

COX inhibitor

68
Q

Acemetacin MOA

A

COX inhibitor

69
Q

Celecoxib MOA

A

COX 2 inhibitor
(For GI risk)

70
Q

Acetaminophen MOA

A

COX inhibitor only in central tissues
Target heat-regulating centers in the brain

71
Q

Natalizumab MOA

A

Binds to alpha 4 subunit of integrins
= prevent immune cell migration

(Crohn’s and MS)

72
Q

Zolmitriptan MOA

A

5-HT agonist —> vasoconstriction and block pain signals

73
Q

Rizatriptan MOA

A

5-HT agonist —> vasoconstriction —> block pain

74
Q

Perphenazine MOA

A

Block D2 receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone
—> prevent dopamine excess
—> reduce psychotic symptoms (halucinations)

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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