Rebellions Flashcards
What were the problems by 1601?
Harvest failures
Poverty
England damaged by the war and the plague
The patronage system
Elizabeth was losing her appeal and charm
Who was Robert Devereux?
He was the Earl of Essex, son of Elizabeth’s cousin named Lettice Knollys and was stepson of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester
Why was Robert Devereux appealing to people?
Studied at Cambridge University - intelligent
Young and handsome, was a favourite of Elizabeth
A military hero, fighting in the Netherlands, France and Spain
Joined the Privy Council in 1593
When was Robert Devereux executed?
In 1601, for treason
Why was the time right for rebellion by 1601?
The country was damaged by war, plague
There was increased poverty
Elizabeth’s councillors began to die - Dudley in 1588, Walsingham in 1590 and then Cecil in 1598. This meant she was getting increasingly angry and short tempered
How did Elizabeth react when Essex secretly married without her permission?
She refused to promote one of his supporters, Essex yelled at her so she punched him back
How did Queen Elizabeth react when in 1598, Essex made peace with Tyrone against her orders?
Elizabeth promoted Cecil which made Essex jealous. He stormed into Elizabeth’s chamber when she was not wigged or gowned, this lead to Essex being put under house arrest and banned from court
What happened in the rebellion in 1601?
Essex marched 300 supporters of unemployed soldiers and unsuccessful courtiers along the Strand.
He refused Elizabeth’s demands of him to show up in front of the Privy Council but took 4 councillors as hostages and marched into central London to capture Elizabeth
What did the Essex rebellion demonstrate about Elizabeth’s power?
That she was losing control and power
When was the Northern Rebellion?
1569
What happened in the Northern Rebellion?
Elizabeth I did not allow the Duke of Norfolk to marry Mary Queen of Scots
Inspired Westmorland and Northumberland to replace her with Catholic Mary.
They took control of Durham Cathedral; held an illegal Catholic mass
Then they marched south with 4600 men but was stopped by the Earl of Essex’s army
Northumberland was executed, Norfolk was imprisoned and Westmorland escaped to France
When was the Ridolfi Plot?
1571
What was the Ridolfi Plot?
Involved Ridolfi and Norfolk invading the North, coinciding with an invasion from the Netherlands
Elizabeth would be murdered; Norfolk would marry Mary Queen of Scots
But the scheme was exposed before it was completed
What was the Throckmorton Plot?
Led by Sir Francis Throckmorton, they’d assassinate Elizabeth, to be replaced by Mary
There’d be an invasion from the French Catholic, Henry Duke of Guise and an uprising of English Catholics
It also involved the Spanish ambassador
The plot was discovered, leading to Throckmorton’s execution and Mary placed on even closer guard
When was the Throckmorton Plot?
1583
