Reasons why income and wealth inequality exists Flashcards
What is absolute poverty?
Absolute poverty is when people cannot afford basic necessities like food, water, shelter, and clothing
What does relative poverty mean?
Relative poverty means being poor in comparison to others in your area, not necessarily lacking basic needs
What is the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD)?
SIMD is a tool that assesses deprivation in Scotland using data on income, health, education, housing, and crime
How does school help in reducing poverty?
School provides skills and qualifications that help people interact with the world and improve job prospects
How are qualifications related to poverty risk?
Higher qualifications are linked to higher earnings and better job prospects, reducing poverty risk
How does the level of education affect poverty risk in adults?
1 in 10 adults with an undergraduate degree live in poverty, compared to 4 in 10 adults with no qualifications
How does education vary across the UK?
Education is a devolved power, meaning access and quality vary between the countries of the UK
How is university education different in Scotland and England?
University is free for Scottish students, while English students must pay tuition fees
What financial difference exists for Scottish and English students regarding university?
Scottish students do not pay tuition fees, while English students may pay over £9,000 per year
What is the Attainment Gap in Scotland?
The Attainment Gap is the difference in educational achievement between young people from the richest and poorest backgrounds
How does the Attainment Gap affect income inequality?
Those from poorer backgrounds are less likely to achieve higher qualifications, reducing their chances of accessing high-paying jobs
How does education impact poverty?
Higher education leads to better job opportunities and lower poverty risk, while lower education levels increase the likelihood of poverty
What is the poverty rate for adults with a degree compared to those with no qualifications?
The poverty rate for adults with a degree is around 10%, compared to 40% for those with no qualifications
Why is education a key factor in reducing poverty?
Education provides skills that lead to better jobs, thus reducing the risk of poverty
How does access to education vary by location in the UK?
Education access is better in Scotland due to free university tuition, whereas in England, students face tuition fees
How does the difference in university fees impact poverty in Scotland and England?
Scottish students face fewer financial barriers to higher education, reducing their poverty risk, unlike English students who have to pay tuition fees
How does the poverty rate in Scotland compare to England?
The poverty rate in Scotland is about 3% lower than in England
What can explain Scotland’s lower poverty rate compared to England?
The free access to university in Scotland may be a significant factor contributing to the lower poverty rate
What is the relationship between qualifications and the risk of poverty?
Higher qualifications lower the risk of poverty, as they increase employability and access to well-paying jobs
How does Scotland’s education system contribute to reducing poverty?
Free university education in Scotland makes it easier for students to achieve qualifications and escape poverty, unlike in England where tuition fees create a financial barrier
What role does the Attainment Gap play in income inequality?
The Attainment Gap limits the educational and career opportunities of disadvantaged students, contributing to long-term income inequality
What is unemployment?
When people capable of work are not currently working
Why does unemployment cause wealth inequality?
It reduces income, making it hard to afford basics like food, housing, and healthcare
What is the poverty rate in households with no one working?
Over 50%
