reasons for the King's execution from June 1792-Jan 1793

Question 1

public pressure

Answer 1

1. 20 June 1792- 10,000-20,000 organised by cordeliers marched to Tuilieres gardens +dragged a canon to the king’s apartment with no intervention from the guards. they demanded the King swear loyalty to the constitution and reinstate Girondins (but it did fail)
2. 23rd June petition carried for the King’s deposition (however failed to gather support)
3. Federes (5000 of them) and Robespierre cooperated with them demanded the King’s suspension
4. 10th August Journée - 20,000 Sans-Culottes + 2000 Federes/ National guards marched to Tulieres (King forced to take sanctuary in the assembly) 1,000 radicals+all Swiss guards/gentlemen at arms massacred. King suspended and taken ti Temple prison and convention to replace commune

Question 2

political progressions/ downfall of constitutional monarchy

Answer 2

1. Danton was made minister of justice and set up a temporary committee of ministers in August who declared all Louis had vetoed were to be put into force. For example on 26th of August refractory priests were given two weeks to leave or face deportation
2. Lafayette defected to the Austrians on August 29
3. Robespierre, Danton, Marat and Desmoulins were elected to the convention on the 2nd of September (no Girondins elected in Paris)
4. legislative assembly order to hold onto their power tried to issue a decree to dissolve the convention and issue new elections August 30th- this was ignored
   and Sans Culottes gained power and National guard opened to the public so became a sans culottes militia

Question 3

Louis himself

Answer 3

1. Vetoed 8th of June decree to establish federe camp of 20,000 volunteers soldiers before dismissing Roland on the 13th of June
2. Endorsed ‘Brunswick manifesto’ issued on July 25th- Prussia and Austria would inflict vengeance if Louis was killed
3. Involved in Austria committee (those loyal to the crown who had contact with the enemy)
4. Amoire de Fer found in November (Iron box containing secret correspondence with Austria)

Question 4

The September massacres

Answer 4

1. Rising in the Vendee where 200 were killed: Danton ordered house search for weapons on August 30. In two weeks 3000 had been taken prisoner
2. Five days of killing in Paris 1000-1500/2600 prisoners killed in total beginning on the 2nd of September. 300 of these were refractory priests. The assembly did nothing

Question 5

The progress of war

Answer 5

1. brunswick manifesto, Lafyette defected, advancing enemy troops in July
2. sep- French win in battle of Valmy and Speyer on the Rhine
3. Oct Prussians retreat from Verdun and Longwy
4. army of alps take Savoy and Nice
5. Nov- France take Brussels, Ostend, Liege and Antwerp to name a few

Question 6

Economic issues

Answer 6

1. December 1792: Marat believed the solution was to kill holders and speculators
2. Jan 1793: Assignats were down 51% of their original face value and coinage had become rare
3. War had prevented trade with foreign powers and see imports and transport routes were blocked
4. West Indies economy was destroyed-sugar and soap doubled in price since 1790. Coffee and candles also rose in price

Question 7

possible reasons for Kings execution

Answer 7

1. September massacres
2. Economic issues
3. Louis himself
4. Public pressure
5. Political progressions including downfall of the constitutional monarchy
6. Progress of war